{"title":"Temporal and Spatial Variations in Tropopause Pressure Levels (TPLs) Across the Northern Hemisphere","authors":"Hossein Asakereh, Soma Zandkarimi","doi":"10.1007/s00024-024-03484-2","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The tropopause serves a critical role in shaping global and regional weather and climate dynamics. Changes in tropopause characteristics can significantly impact other atmospheric components, thereby influencing Earth’s climate systems. In the long run, variations in tropopause features can lead to shifts in the thermal, dynamic, and chemical properties of the tropospheric layer. This study aims to investigate the descriptive attributes of tropopause pressure levels (TPLs) during different months, as well as the temporal and spatial trends in TPL across the Northern Hemisphere spanning from 1979 to 2022. Utilizing ERA5 temperature data for the 700 to 50 hPa range, the tropopause was identified using the lapse rate of tropopause (LRT), and its changes were analyzed employing the linear regression model with the least squares error approach. The results indicated that the spatial pattern of TPLs changed across various latitudes varies seasonally. Generally, the changes in TPLs did not exhibit a linear relationship with latitude, and in most observed months, the highest and lowest TPLs did not correspond to the lowest and highest latitudes, respectively. Examination of the trend in TPLs revealed that in numerous significant areas across different seasons, the trends were statistically insignificant. Where significant, the trends predominantly indicated negative changes (decreases), suggesting a reduction in pressure and potentially an increase in tropopause altitude in these regions, possibly reflecting the influence of global warming.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21078,"journal":{"name":"pure and applied geophysics","volume":"181 5","pages":"1617 - 1632"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"pure and applied geophysics","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00024-024-03484-2","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The tropopause serves a critical role in shaping global and regional weather and climate dynamics. Changes in tropopause characteristics can significantly impact other atmospheric components, thereby influencing Earth’s climate systems. In the long run, variations in tropopause features can lead to shifts in the thermal, dynamic, and chemical properties of the tropospheric layer. This study aims to investigate the descriptive attributes of tropopause pressure levels (TPLs) during different months, as well as the temporal and spatial trends in TPL across the Northern Hemisphere spanning from 1979 to 2022. Utilizing ERA5 temperature data for the 700 to 50 hPa range, the tropopause was identified using the lapse rate of tropopause (LRT), and its changes were analyzed employing the linear regression model with the least squares error approach. The results indicated that the spatial pattern of TPLs changed across various latitudes varies seasonally. Generally, the changes in TPLs did not exhibit a linear relationship with latitude, and in most observed months, the highest and lowest TPLs did not correspond to the lowest and highest latitudes, respectively. Examination of the trend in TPLs revealed that in numerous significant areas across different seasons, the trends were statistically insignificant. Where significant, the trends predominantly indicated negative changes (decreases), suggesting a reduction in pressure and potentially an increase in tropopause altitude in these regions, possibly reflecting the influence of global warming.
期刊介绍:
pure and applied geophysics (pageoph), a continuation of the journal "Geofisica pura e applicata", publishes original scientific contributions in the fields of solid Earth, atmospheric and oceanic sciences. Regular and special issues feature thought-provoking reports on active areas of current research and state-of-the-art surveys.
Long running journal, founded in 1939 as Geofisica pura e applicata
Publishes peer-reviewed original scientific contributions and state-of-the-art surveys in solid earth and atmospheric sciences
Features thought-provoking reports on active areas of current research and is a major source for publications on tsunami research
Coverage extends to research topics in oceanic sciences
See Instructions for Authors on the right hand side.