The Incorporation of Clove Essential Oil into Nanostructured Lipid Carrier for Improvement of the Delivery and Antioxidant Effects on the Fibroblast Cells.

Q2 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics

Pharmaceutical nanotechnology Pub Date : 2024-04-24 DOI:10.2174/0122117385304491240320040711

Satrialdi, Nada Nurul Husna, Risya Qonitah Rihad, R. A. Utami

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Abstract

BACKGROUND Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) essential oil (CO) has been studied extensively for its antioxidant properties but faces several limitations, including high volatility, low aqueous solubility, and irritation. OBJECTIVE We aimed to develop a Nanostructured Lipid Carrier (NLC) to enhance the benefits of CO. METHODS Using the emulsification sonication method, a liquid lipid component, surfactant concentration, and a co-surfactant were optimized to create CO-loaded NLC (CO-NLC). The developed CO-NLC was rigorously assessed for its stability during storage. Free radical scavenging activity and fibroblast oxidative stress protection were also measured to assess the antioxidant activity. RESULTS The CO-NLC displayed a spherical shape with a hydrodynamic diameter of 125.77 ± 29.68 nm, homogenous particle distribution with polydispersity index of 0.26 ± 0.09, and a surface charge of -27.30 ± 4.56 mV with an encapsulation efficiency of 97% and a good stability profile. Furthermore, free CO and CO-NLC displayed very strong free radical scavenging activity with the IC50 value of 22.74 ± 0.57 µg/mL and 18.28 ± 2.63 µg/mL, respectively. However, only CO-NLC managed to protect fibroblast cells from the harmful effects of oxidative stress. CONCLUSION The NLC formulations improved free radical scavenging activity and effectively protected fibroblasts from oxidative stress compared to free CO.

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将丁香精油掺入纳米结构脂质载体以改善对成纤维细胞的输送和抗氧化效果

背景丁香（Syzygium aromaticum）精油（CO）的抗氧化特性已被广泛研究，但它也面临着一些局限性，包括挥发性高、水溶性低和刺激性强。对所开发的 CO-NLC 在储存过程中的稳定性进行了严格评估。结果CO-NLC呈球形，水动力直径为125.77 ± 29.68 nm，颗粒分布均匀，多分散指数为0.26 ± 0.09，表面电荷为-27.30 ± 4.56 mV，封装效率为97%，稳定性良好。此外，游离 CO 和 CO-NLC 显示出很强的自由基清除活性，IC50 值分别为 22.74 ± 0.57 µg/mL 和 18.28 ± 2.63 µg/mL。结论与游离 CO 相比，NLC 制剂提高了自由基清除活性，并能有效保护成纤维细胞免受氧化应激。

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来源期刊

Pharmaceutical nanotechnology Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics-Pharmaceutical Science

CiteScore

4.20

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology publishes original manuscripts, full-length/mini reviews, thematic issues, rapid technical notes and commentaries that provide insights into the synthesis, characterisation and pharmaceutical (or diagnostic) application of materials at the nanoscale. The nanoscale is defined as a size range of below 1 µm. Scientific findings related to micro and macro systems with functionality residing within features defined at the nanoscale are also within the scope of the journal. Manuscripts detailing the synthesis, exhaustive characterisation, biological evaluation, clinical testing and/ or toxicological assessment of nanomaterials are of particular interest to the journal’s readership. Articles should be self contained, centred around a well founded hypothesis and should aim to showcase the pharmaceutical/ diagnostic implications of the nanotechnology approach. Manuscripts should aim, wherever possible, to demonstrate the in vivo impact of any nanotechnological intervention. As reducing a material to the nanoscale is capable of fundamentally altering the material’s properties, the journal’s readership is particularly interested in new characterisation techniques and the advanced properties that originate from this size reduction. Both bottom up and top down approaches to the realisation of nanomaterials lie within the scope of the journal.