The associations between daily reports of loneliness and psychotic experiences in the early risk stages for psychosis

IF 2.1 4区医学 Q3 PSYCHIATRY

Early Intervention in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-04-25 DOI:10.1111/eip.13537

Esdras Raposo de Almeida, Sara van der Tuin, Merel K. Muller, David van den Berg, Yuan-Pang Wang, Wim Veling, Sanne H. Booij, Johanna T. W. Wigman

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Aim

Bi-directional associations between loneliness and psychotic experiences (PEs) have been reported, but the mechanisms underlying these associations are unknown. This study aims to explore associations between daily reports of loneliness and PEs, and test differences in this association across young adult individuals at different levels of risk for psychosis.

Methods

We analysed 90-day diary data on loneliness and PEs from N = 96 participants (mean age 24.7, range 18–35, 77% female) divided into 4 subgroups, each indexing increased levels of risk for psychosis according to the clinical staging model: ‘psychometric’ (n = 25), ‘low’ (n = 27), ‘mild’ (n = 24), and ‘ultra-high’(n = 20) risk. Multilevel vector autoregressive models examined within-day (contemporaneous) and between-day (temporal) associations between loneliness and PEs for the total sample. Next, these associations were compared across subgroups.

Results

Loneliness and PEs were significantly associated contemporaneously (partial correlation B = 0.14) but not temporally. Subgroup membership moderated both contemporaneous and temporal associations. The contemporaneous association between loneliness and PEs was stronger in the low-risk subgroup compared to the mild-risk (B = −0.35, p < .01) and ultra-high-risk (B = −0.36, p < .01) subgroups. The temporal association between loneliness on the previous day and PEs on the current day was stronger in mild-risk subgroup compared to the ultra-high-risk subgroup (B = −0.03, p = .03). After adjusting for multiple testing, only the contemporaneous—but not the temporal—associations remained statistically significant.

Conclusions

Loneliness is associated with PEs in individuals at risk for psychosis, particularly in those with low to mild symptoms. Our findings tentatively suggest that especially individuals with low expressions of PEs may be more sensitive to social context, but future studies are needed to replicate and further unravel the potentially stage-specific interplay between social context and PEs.

Abstract Image

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精神病早期风险阶段的每日孤独报告与精神病经历之间的关联。

目的有报道称孤独感与精神病经历（PEs）之间存在双向联系，但这些联系的内在机制尚不清楚。本研究旨在探讨每日孤独感报告与精神病性体验之间的关联，并测试处于不同精神病风险水平的年轻成年人在这种关联中的差异。方法我们分析了 N = 96 名参与者（平均年龄 24.7 岁，18-35 岁不等，77% 为女性）的 90 天孤独感和精神病性体验日记数据，这些参与者被分为 4 个亚组，每个亚组都根据临床分期模型确定了更高的精神病风险水平：心理 "风险（25 人）、"低 "风险（27 人）、"轻 "风险（24 人）和 "超高 "风险（20 人）。多层次向量自回归模型检验了所有样本中孤独感与 PE 之间的日内（同期）和日间（时间）关联。结果孤独感和 PEs 在当时显著相关（部分相关性 B = 0.14），但在时间上不显著。亚组成员身份调节了当时和时间上的关联。与轻度风险亚组（B = -0.35，p < .01）和超高风险亚组（B = -0.36，p < .01）相比，低风险亚组的孤独感与 PE 之间的同期相关性更强。与超高风险亚组相比，前一天的孤独感与当天的PE之间的时间关联在轻度风险亚组更强（B = -0.03，p = .03）。结论孤独感与精神病高危人群中的PEs有关，尤其是那些症状较轻或较轻的人群。我们的研究结果初步表明，尤其是PEs表现较低的个体可能对社会环境更为敏感，但还需要未来的研究来复制和进一步揭示社会环境与PEs之间可能存在的特定阶段的相互作用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Early Intervention in Psychiatry 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

5.00%

发文量

112

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Early Intervention in Psychiatry publishes original research articles and reviews dealing with the early recognition, diagnosis and treatment across the full range of mental and substance use disorders, as well as the underlying epidemiological, biological, psychological and social mechanisms that influence the onset and early course of these disorders. The journal provides comprehensive coverage of early intervention for the full range of psychiatric disorders and mental health problems, including schizophrenia and other psychoses, mood and anxiety disorders, substance use disorders, eating disorders and personality disorders. Papers in any of the following fields are considered: diagnostic issues, psychopathology, clinical epidemiology, biological mechanisms, treatments and other forms of intervention, clinical trials, health services and economic research and mental health policy. Special features are also published, including hypotheses, controversies and snapshots of innovative service models.