Deformation and Frictional Failure of Granular Media in 3D Analog and Numerical Experiments

IF 1.9 4区 地球科学 Q2 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS
P. I. Ioannidi, S. McLafferty, J. E. Reber, G. Morra, D. Weatherley
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Abstract

Frictional sliding along grain boundaries in brittle shear zones can result in the fragmentation of individual grains, which ultimately can impact slip dynamics. During deformation at small scales, stick–slip motion can occur between grains when existing force chains break due to grain rearrangement or failure, resulting in frictional sliding of granular material. The rearrangement of the grains leads to dilation of the granular package, reducing the shear stress and subsequently leading to slip. Here, we conduct physical experiments employing HydroOrbs, an elasto-plastic material, to investigate grain comminution in granular media under simple shear conditions. Our findings demonstrate that the degree of grain comminution is dependent on both the normal force and the size of the grains. Using the experimental setup, we benchmark Discrete Element Method (DEM) numerical models, which are capable of simulating the movement, rotation, and fracturing of elasto-plastic grains subjected to simple shear. The DEM models successfully replicate both grain comminution patterns and horizontal force fluctuations observed in our physical experiments. They show that increasing normal forces correlate with higher horizontal forces and more fractured grains. The ability of our DEM models to accurately reproduce experimental results opens up new avenues for investigating various parameter spaces that may not be accessible through traditional laboratory experiments, for example, in assessing how internal friction or cohesion affect deformation in granular systems.

Abstract Image

三维模拟和数值实验中颗粒介质的变形和摩擦破坏
脆性剪切带中沿晶粒边界的摩擦滑动会导致单个晶粒破碎,最终影响滑动动力学。在小尺度变形过程中,当现有力链因晶粒重新排列或失效而断裂时,晶粒之间会发生粘滑运动,从而导致颗粒材料的摩擦滑动。颗粒的重新排列会导致颗粒包的扩张,降低剪应力,进而导致滑动。在此,我们采用弹塑性材料 HydroOrbs 进行物理实验,研究简单剪切条件下颗粒介质中的颗粒粉碎。我们的研究结果表明,晶粒粉碎的程度取决于法向力和晶粒的大小。利用实验装置,我们对离散元素法(DEM)数值模型进行了基准测试,该模型能够模拟弹性塑性颗粒在简单剪切力作用下的运动、旋转和断裂。DEM 模型成功地复制了我们在物理实验中观察到的晶粒粉碎模式和水平力波动。实验结果表明,法向力的增加与水平力的增大和晶粒的断裂有关。我们的 DEM 模型能够准确再现实验结果,这为研究传统实验室实验无法获得的各种参数空间开辟了新途径,例如,评估内摩擦力或内聚力如何影响颗粒系统的变形。
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来源期刊
pure and applied geophysics
pure and applied geophysics 地学-地球化学与地球物理
CiteScore
4.20
自引率
5.00%
发文量
240
审稿时长
9.8 months
期刊介绍: pure and applied geophysics (pageoph), a continuation of the journal "Geofisica pura e applicata", publishes original scientific contributions in the fields of solid Earth, atmospheric and oceanic sciences. Regular and special issues feature thought-provoking reports on active areas of current research and state-of-the-art surveys. Long running journal, founded in 1939 as Geofisica pura e applicata Publishes peer-reviewed original scientific contributions and state-of-the-art surveys in solid earth and atmospheric sciences Features thought-provoking reports on active areas of current research and is a major source for publications on tsunami research Coverage extends to research topics in oceanic sciences See Instructions for Authors on the right hand side.
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