Spatially Confined in Situ Formed Sodiophilic-Conductive Network for High-Performance Sodium Metal Batteries

IF 9.1 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nano Letters Pub Date : 2024-04-24 DOI:10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c00562

Xuan Lu*, Ruochen Chen, Shenyu Shen, Yuyang Li, Hongyang Zhao, Hongkang Wang*, Tiantian Wu, Yaqiong Su, Jianmin Luo, Xiaofei Hu*, Shujiang Ding* and Weiyang Li*,

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Abstract

The sodium (Na) metal anode encounters issues such as volume expansion and dendrite growth during cycling. Herein, a novel three-dimensional flexible composite Na metal anode was constructed through the conversion-alloying reaction between Na and ultrafine Sb₂S₃ nanoparticles encapsulated within the electrospun carbon nanofibers (Sb₂S₃@CNFs). The formed sodiophilic Na₃Sb sites and the high Na⁺-conducting Na₂S matrix, coupled with CNFs, establish a spatially confined “sodiophilic-conductive” network, which effectively reduces the Na nucleation barrier, improves the Na⁺ diffusion kinetics, and suppresses the volume expansion, thereby inhibiting the Na dendrite growth. Consequently, the Na/Sb₂S₃@CNFs electrode exhibits a high Coulombic efficiency (99.94%), exceptional lifespan (up to 2800 h) at high current densities (up to 5 mA cm^–2), and high areal capacities (up to 5 mAh cm^–2) in symmetric cells. The coin-type full cells assembled with a Na₃V₂(PO₄)₃/C cathode demonstrate significant enhancement in electrochemical performance. The flexible pouch cell achieves an excellent energy density of 301 Wh kg^–1.

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用于高性能金属钠电池的空间致密原位形成的亲钠导电网络

钠（Na）金属阳极在循环过程中会遇到体积膨胀和枝晶生长等问题。在此，通过 Na 与包裹在电纺碳纳米纤维（Sb2S3@CNFs）中的超细 Sb2S3 纳米颗粒之间的转化合金化反应，构建了一种新型三维柔性复合 Na 金属阳极。所形成的亲钠 3Sb 位点和高 Na+ 传导性的 Na2S 基体与 CNFs 结合，建立了空间封闭的 "亲钠-传导 "网络，从而有效降低了 Na 成核障碍，改善了 Na+ 扩散动力学，抑制了体积膨胀，从而抑制了 Na 树枝状晶的生长。因此，Na/Sb2S3@CNFs 电极具有很高的库仑效率（99.94%），在高电流密度（高达 5 mA cm-2）条件下具有超长的寿命（长达 2800 小时），并且在对称电池中具有很高的电容（高达 5 mAh cm-2）。使用 Na3V2(PO4)3/C 阴极组装的硬币型全电池显著提高了电化学性能。柔性袋状电池的能量密度高达 301 Wh kg-1。

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来源期刊

Nano Letters 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

16.80

自引率

2.80%

发文量

1182

审稿时长

1.4 months

期刊介绍： Nano Letters serves as a dynamic platform for promptly disseminating original results in fundamental, applied, and emerging research across all facets of nanoscience and nanotechnology. A pivotal criterion for inclusion within Nano Letters is the convergence of at least two different areas or disciplines, ensuring a rich interdisciplinary scope. The journal is dedicated to fostering exploration in diverse areas, including: - Experimental and theoretical findings on physical, chemical, and biological phenomena at the nanoscale - Synthesis, characterization, and processing of organic, inorganic, polymer, and hybrid nanomaterials through physical, chemical, and biological methodologies - Modeling and simulation of synthetic, assembly, and interaction processes - Realization of integrated nanostructures and nano-engineered devices exhibiting advanced performance - Applications of nanoscale materials in living and environmental systems Nano Letters is committed to advancing and showcasing groundbreaking research that intersects various domains, fostering innovation and collaboration in the ever-evolving field of nanoscience and nanotechnology.