Production, marketing and consumption of herbal drugs in Estonia

IF 3.8 2区 农林科学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES
Janne Sepp , Olga Shepeleva , Anneli Kask , Gerda Nelis , Anna-Paulina Huttunen , Karin Kogermann , Jyrki Heinämäki , Oleh Koshovyi , Ain Raal
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to map and gain knowledge on the current status of the production, marketing and consumption of herbal drugs in Estonia. To accomplish this goal, we collected data from herbal farms, wholesalers, health stores and consumers. Our study revealed that the Estonian farms produce annually about 14,000 kg of herbal drugs, which are mainly marketed via community pharmacies. The most widely used herbs for medicinal purposes were Chamomillae flos, Lini semen, Rosae fructus, Carum carvi semen, and Cetraria islandica. According to the wholesale data total 650,000 packages (20,000 kg) of herbal drugs were purchased annually from community pharmacies. 80 % of the herbal drugs were of Estonian origin and 20 % imported. The sales ratio between herbal blends and single herbal drugs was 1:3. Our calculations show that one Estonian inhabitant uses an average of 10 g of herbal drugs, purchased from community pharmacy, every year. Our study also revealed that herbal blends were primarily used for general well-being and mood (27 %), for the treatment of common cold (17 %), for energy and organism stimulation (12 %), for calming, stress and sleep (11 %), and for mild gastrointestinal disorders (7 %). The most popular herbal drugs supplied by grocery and health stores were Chamomillae flos, Menthae folium, Tiliae flos, Foeniculi fructus and Calendulae flos. Perhaps surprisingly, total 1.1 million packages of herbal drugs were purchased annually from community pharmacies (representing 57 % of all packages) and from grocery and health stores (43 %). This means that one Estonian inhabitant uses an average of 20 cups of herbal tea altogether every year. Our survey about the consumption habits of herbal drugs showed that total 88 % of the respondents used herbal drugs occasionally, and approximately 31 % of them even on the weekly basis for common cold, gastrointestinal disorders and various mild inflammations. In conclusion, traditional herbal drugs have still an important role in the self-medication of common diseases in Estonia, thus supporting the contemporary pharmaceutical care.

爱沙尼亚草药的生产、销售和消费情况
本研究的目的是绘制爱沙尼亚草药生产、营销和消费现状的地图并获得相关知识。为了实现这一目标,我们收集了来自草药农场、批发商、保健商店和消费者的数据。我们的研究显示,爱沙尼亚农场每年生产约 14 000 公斤草药,主要通过社区药店销售。最广泛使用的药用草药是洋甘菊精油、利尼精油、玫瑰果精油、荠菜精油和岛芹菜精油。根据批发数据,每年从社区药房购买的草药共有 650 000 包(20 000 公斤)。80 % 的草药来自爱沙尼亚,20 % 是进口的。草药混合物和单一草药的销售比例是 1:3。我们的计算显示,一个爱沙尼亚居民每年平均使用 10 克从社区药房购买的草药。我们的研究还显示,草药混合物主要用于一般健康和情绪(27%),用于治疗普通感冒(17%),用于激发能量和机体(12%),用于镇静、压力和睡眠(11%),用于轻微胃肠功能紊乱(7%)。杂货店和保健品商店供应的最受欢迎的草药是洋甘菊(Chamomillae flos)、薄荷(Menthae folium)、椴树(Tiliae flos)、茴香(Foeniculi fructus)和菖蒲(Calendulae flos)。也许令人吃惊的是,每年共有 110 万包草药是从社区药房(占所有药包的 57%)和杂货店及保健商店(43%)购买的。这意味着,一个爱沙尼亚居民每年平均使用 20 杯草药茶。我们对草药消费习惯的调查表明,总共 88 % 的受访者偶尔使用草药,其中约 31 % 甚至每周使用一次,用于治疗普通感冒、胃肠道疾病和各种轻微炎症。总之,在爱沙尼亚,传统草药在常见病的自我治疗中仍然发挥着重要作用,从而支持了现代药物治疗。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics-Drug Discovery
CiteScore
6.40
自引率
7.70%
发文量
80
审稿时长
41 days
期刊介绍: JARMAP is a peer reviewed and multidisciplinary communication platform, covering all aspects of the raw material supply chain of medicinal and aromatic plants. JARMAP aims to improve production of tailor made commodities by addressing the various requirements of manufacturers of herbal medicines, herbal teas, seasoning herbs, food and feed supplements and cosmetics. JARMAP covers research on genetic resources, breeding, wild-collection, domestication, propagation, cultivation, phytopathology and plant protection, mechanization, conservation, processing, quality assurance, analytics and economics. JARMAP publishes reviews, original research articles and short communications related to research.
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