Cervicovaginal microbiota: a promising direction for prevention and treatment in cervical cancer

IF 3.1 2区医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Infectious Agents and Cancer Pub Date : 2024-04-19 DOI:10.1186/s13027-024-00573-8

Jie Shen, Hao Sun, Jing Chu, Xiaodi Gong, Xiaojun Liu

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Cervical cancer is a common malignancy in women, with high incidence rate and mortality. Persistent infection of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most important risk factor for cervical cancer and precancerous lesions. Cervicovaginal microbiota (CVM) plays an essential role in the defense of HPV infections and prevention of subsequent lesions. Dominance of Lactobacillus is the key of CVM homeostasis, which can be regulated by host, exogenous and endogenous factors. Dysbiosis of CVM, including altered microbial, metabolic, and immune signatures, can contribute to persist HPV infection, leading to cervical cancer. However, there is no evidence of the causality between CVM and cervical cancer, and the underlying mechanism remains unexplored. Considering the close correlation between CVM dysbiosis and persistent HPV infection, this review will overview CVM, its role in cervical cancer development and related mechanisms, and the prospects for therapeutic applications.

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宫颈阴道微生物群：宫颈癌预防和治疗的一个有前途的方向

宫颈癌是女性常见的恶性肿瘤，发病率和死亡率都很高。高危人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）的持续感染是宫颈癌和癌前病变最重要的风险因素。宫颈阴道微生物群（CVM）在抵御 HPV 感染和预防后续病变方面发挥着重要作用。乳酸杆菌的优势是宫颈阴道微生物群平衡的关键，可由宿主、外源性和内源性因素调节。CVM 的菌群失调，包括微生物、代谢和免疫特征的改变，可导致 HPV 持续感染，从而引发宫颈癌。然而，目前还没有证据表明宫颈组织病变与宫颈癌之间存在因果关系，其根本机制也仍未探明。考虑到 CVM 菌群失调与 HPV 持续感染之间的密切关系，本综述将概述 CVM、其在宫颈癌发展中的作用和相关机制以及治疗应用前景。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Infectious Agents and Cancer ONCOLOGY-IMMUNOLOGY

CiteScore

5.80

自引率

2.70%

发文量

期刊介绍： Infectious Agents and Cancer is an open access, peer-reviewed online journal that encompasses all aspects of basic, clinical, epidemiological and translational research providing an insight into the association between chronic infections and cancer. The journal welcomes submissions in the pathogen-related cancer areas and other related topics, in particular: • HPV and anogenital cancers, as well as head and neck cancers; • EBV and Burkitt lymphoma; • HCV/HBV and hepatocellular carcinoma as well as lymphoproliferative diseases; • HHV8 and Kaposi sarcoma; • HTLV and leukemia; • Cancers in Low- and Middle-income countries. The link between infection and cancer has become well established over the past 50 years, and infection-associated cancer contribute up to 16% of cancers in developed countries and 33% in less developed countries. Preventive vaccines have been developed for only two cancer-causing viruses, highlighting both the opportunity to prevent infection-associated cancers by vaccination and the gaps that remain before vaccines can be developed for other cancer-causing agents. These gaps are due to incomplete understanding of the basic biology, natural history, epidemiology of many of the pathogens that cause cancer, the mechanisms they exploit to cause cancer, and how to interrupt progression to cancer in human populations. Early diagnosis or identification of lesions at high risk of progression represent the current most critical research area of the field supported by recent advances in genomics and proteomics technologies.