Protein-enriched soup and weekly exercise improve muscle health: A randomized trial in mid-to-old age with inadequate protein intake

IF 9.4 1区医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle Pub Date : 2024-04-20 DOI:10.1002/jcsm.13481

Li-Ning Peng, Ming-Hsien Lin, Sung-Hua Tseng, Ko-Han Yen, Huei-Fang Lee, Fei-Yuan Hsiao, Liang-Kung Chen

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Prior research has highlighted the synergistic impact of protein supplementation on muscle function post-exercise in adults; however, evidence supporting the combined effects were less robust and inconsistent on those with protein insufficiency. This investigation aims to explore efficacy of protein-enriched soup coupled with exercise on muscle health and metabolism in middle-aged and older adults with suboptimal protein intake.

Methods

An open-label, 12-week, randomized controlled trial involving participants with insufficient protein intake (<1.0 g/kg/day) was done. The intervention group consumed protein-enriched soup (24–30 g protein daily) and 1-h weekly exercise, while controls received health education. Assessments included laboratory tests, functional assessments, and body composition.

Results

In this trial, 97 out of 100 randomized participants (mean age: 64.65 ± 4.84 years, 81.8% female) completed the study (47 in intervention group and 50 in control group). Compared results of baselines, at 1 and 3 months of intervention, significant improvements in waist circumference (83.48 ± 10.22 vs. 82.5 ± 9.88 vs. 82.37 ± 9.42 cm, P for trend = 0.046), 6-min walking distance (525.65 ± 58.46 vs. 534.47 ± 51.87 vs. 552.02 ± 57.66 m, P for trend = 0.001), five-time sit-to-stand time (7.63 ± 1.63 vs. 6.81 ± 1.8 vs. 6.4 ± 1.42 s, P for trend <0.001), grip strength (26.74 ± 6.54 vs. 27.53 ± 6.99 vs. 28.52 ± 7.09 kg, P for trend <0.001), and MNA score (26.8 ± 2.14 vs. 27.73 ± 1.74 vs. 27.55 ± 1.72, P for trend <0.001) were discerned within the intervention group. The intervention demonstrated a significant reduction in serum triglyceride (105.32 ± 49.84 vs. 101.36 ± 42.58 vs. 93.43 ± 41.49 mg/dL, P for trend = 0.023), increased HDL-C (60.04 ± 16.21 vs. 60 ± 17.37 vs. 62.55 ± 18.27 mg/dL, P for trend = 0.02), and DHEA-S levels (97.11 ± 54.39 vs. 103.39 ± 56.75 vs. 106.83 ± 60.56 μg/dL, P for trend = 0.002). Serum myostatin did not differ in both groups, but serum leptin levels significantly increased (9118.88 ± 5811.68 vs. 11508.97 ± 7151.08 vs. 11220.80 ± 7190.71 pg/mL, P for trend = 0.016) in controls. The intervention group showed greater improvements in 6 min walking distance (β = 0.71, 95% CI: 6.88 to 40.79, P = 0.006), five-time sit-to-stand test (β = −0.87, 95% CI: −1.59 to −0.15, P = 0.017), MNA score (β = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.20 to 1.71, P = 0.013), serum triglycerides (β = −15.01, 95% CI: −27.83 to −2.20, P = 0.022), LDL-C (β = −9.23, 95% CI: −16.98 to −1.47, P = 0.020), and DHEA-S levels (β = 9.98, 95% CI: 0.45 to 19.51, P = 0.04) than controls.

Conclusions

Protein-enriched soup with weekly exercise over 12 weeks significantly improved physical performance, lipid profile, and DHEA-S levels among middle-aged and older adults with inadequate protein intake, while studies assessing long-term benefits of the intervention are needed.

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富含蛋白质的汤和每周锻炼可改善肌肉健康：针对蛋白质摄入不足的中老年人的随机试验

背景先前的研究强调了补充蛋白质对成年人运动后肌肉功能的协同影响；然而，对于蛋白质摄入不足的人来说，支持这种综合效应的证据并不充分，也不一致。本研究旨在探讨富含蛋白质的汤与运动相结合对蛋白质摄入量不足的中老年人的肌肉健康和新陈代谢的功效。干预组饮用富含蛋白质的汤（每天 24-30 克蛋白质），每周锻炼 1 小时，对照组则接受健康教育。结果在这项试验中，100 名随机参与者中有 97 人（平均年龄：64.65 ± 4.84 岁，81.8% 为女性）完成了研究（干预组 47 人，对照组 50 人）。与基线结果相比，在干预 1 个月和 3 个月时，腰围（83.48 ± 10.22 vs. 82.5 ± 9.88 vs. 82.37 ± 9.42 厘米，趋势 P = 0.046）、6 分钟步行距离（525.65 ± 58.46 vs. 534.47 ± 51.87 vs. 552.02 ± 57.66 米，趋势 P = 0.001）、五次坐立时间（7.63 ± 1.63 vs. 6.81 ± 1.8 vs. 6.4 ± 1.42 s，P=0.001）、握力（26.74 ± 6.54 vs. 27.53 ± 6.99 vs. 28.52 ± 7.09 kg，P=0.001）和 MNA 评分（26.8 ± 2.14 vs. 27.73 ± 1.74 vs. 27.55 ± 1.72，P=0.001）。干预后，血清甘油三酯明显降低（105.32 ± 49.84 vs. 101.36 ± 42.58 vs. 93.43 ± 41.49 mg/dL，趋势 P = 0.023），高密度脂蛋白胆固醇增加（60.04 ± 16.21 vs. 60 ± 17.37 vs. 62.55 ± 18.27 mg/dL，P=0.02）和 DHEA-S 水平（97.11 ± 54.39 vs. 103.39 ± 56.75 vs. 106.83 ± 60.56 μg/dL，P=0.002）。两组的血清肌生长激素没有差异，但对照组的血清瘦素水平显著增加（9118.88 ± 5811.68 vs. 11508.97 ± 7151.08 vs. 11220.80 ± 7190.71 pg/mL，P=0.016）。干预组在 6 分钟步行距离（β = 0.71，95% CI：6.88 至 40.79，P = 0.006）、五次坐立测试（β = -0.87，95% CI：-1.59 至 -0.15，P = 0.017）方面有更大改善。15，P = 0.017）、MNA 评分（β = 0.96，95% CI：0.20 至 1.71，P = 0.013）、血清甘油三酯（β = -15.01，95% CI：-27.83 至 -2.20，P = 0.022）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（β = -9.23，95% CI：-16.98 至 -1.结论富含蛋白质的汤加每周锻炼 12 周可显著改善蛋白质摄入不足的中老年人的体能、血脂状况和 DHEA-S 水平，但需要对干预措施的长期益处进行评估研究。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL-

CiteScore

13.30

自引率

12.40%

发文量

234

审稿时长

16 weeks

期刊介绍： The Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle is a peer-reviewed international journal dedicated to publishing materials related to cachexia and sarcopenia, as well as body composition and its physiological and pathophysiological changes across the lifespan and in response to various illnesses from all fields of life sciences. The journal aims to provide a reliable resource for professionals interested in related research or involved in the clinical care of affected patients, such as those suffering from AIDS, cancer, chronic heart failure, chronic lung disease, liver cirrhosis, chronic kidney failure, rheumatoid arthritis, or sepsis.