The Effect of Sodium Sulfide and Anthracite Dosage on Selective Reduction of Limonite

IF 1.5 4区工程技术 Q3 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING

Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration Pub Date : 2024-04-02 DOI:10.1007/s42461-024-00972-w

Fathan Bahfie, Yepi Triapriani, Achmad Shofi, Fajar Nurjaman, Slamet Sumardi, Ulin Herlina, Riska N. Tirmayani, Pulung Karo Karo, Diah Susanti

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Abstract

The process of selectively reducing limonite ore involves adding 10 wt% sodium sulfide and using anthracite as a reducing agent in varying amounts (5, 10, 15, and 20 wt%). The research aims to optimize the extraction process by studying how factors like reduction temperature, holding time, and reducing agent dosage affect on iron and nickel content and recovery. The ideal conditions identified are a temperature of 1150 °C, a 10 wt% additive, and a corresponding 10 wt% reducing agent amount, with a crucial 60-min reduction process. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results show dominant phases like iron-nickel (FeNi), iron sulfide (FeS), fayalite (Fe₂SiO₄), and wustite (FeO) under these conditions, indicating complex chemical interactions. Impressive X-ray fluorescence (XRF) test results precisely measure a nickel component with a 3.03 wt% and a recovery rate of 89.32%, highlighting the process’s effectiveness in extracting potential from limonitic nickel ore. The resulting ferronickel alloy has a controlled particle size of 29.23 µm. The study emphasizes the influence of sodium sulfide and anthracite dosage on the selective reduction of limonite ore.

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硫化钠和无烟煤用量对褐铁矿选择性还原的影响

选择性还原褐铁矿石的工艺包括添加 10 wt%的硫化钠，并使用不同用量（5、10、15 和 20 wt%）的无烟煤作为还原剂。研究旨在通过研究还原温度、保温时间和还原剂用量等因素对铁、镍含量和回收率的影响，优化萃取工艺。确定的理想条件是温度为 1150 °C、添加剂为 10 wt%、还原剂用量为相应的 10 wt%，关键的还原过程为 60 分钟。X 射线衍射（XRD）结果表明，在这些条件下，铁镍（FeNi）、硫化铁（FeS）、辉绿岩（Fe2SiO4）和硅灰石（FeO）等主要物相显示出复杂的化学相互作用。令人印象深刻的 X 射线荧光 (XRF) 测试结果精确测量出镍成分的含量为 3.03 wt%，回收率为 89.32%，凸显了该工艺从褐铁矿镍矿石中提取潜力的有效性。所得镍铁合金的粒度控制在 29.23 微米。研究强调了硫化钠和无烟煤用量对褐铁矿选择性还原的影响。

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来源期刊

Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration Materials Science-Materials Chemistry

CiteScore

3.50

自引率

10.50%

发文量

177

期刊介绍： The aim of this international peer-reviewed journal of the Society for Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration (SME) is to provide a broad-based forum for the exchange of real-world and theoretical knowledge from academia, government and industry that is pertinent to mining, mineral/metallurgical processing, exploration and other fields served by the Society. The journal publishes high-quality original research publications, in-depth special review articles, reviews of state-of-the-art and innovative technologies and industry methodologies, communications of work of topical and emerging interest, and other works that enhance understanding on both the fundamental and practical levels.