Structural modification and encapsulation process of palygorskite for development of flame retardant additives: study of their thermal and mechanical properties in PLA/EVA blends

IF 2.4 3区化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE

Iranian Polymer Journal Pub Date : 2024-04-15 DOI:10.1007/s13726-024-01318-5

Saul Sánchez-Valdes, Gerardo Pozos-Sanchez, Jose Alberto Rodríguez-Gonzalez, Jorge Enrique Rivera-Salinas, Jorge Alonso Uribe-Calderon, Mario Valera-Zaragoza, Gabriela Yolatzin. Romero-Zúñiga, Ernesto Hernandez-Hernandez, Eedgar Cabrera-ALvarez, L. Da Silva

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Abstract

In this work, we described the structural modification of palygorskite (Pal) and its use in the preparation of flame retardant (FR) additives. Theses FR additives were prepared by an encapsulation process involving in situ polymerization reaction between melamine and diisocyanate. The structural modification of Pal and the encapsulation process were characterized by FTIR and SEM techniques. These FR additives were incorporated into polymer blends of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) by melt mixing. The compounds obtained from mixing FR additives and PLA/EVA were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), cone calorimetry, limiting oxygen index (LOI), and plastics flammability standard (UL 94, HB). The incorporation of FR additives showed a significant change in the thermal properties of the PLA/EVA composites. We observed a marked reduction in the peak heat release rate during cone calorimetry tests and significant increase of LOI value. A reduction in the horizontal burn (HB) rate was also observed in the UL-94 test. The results obtained confirmed the notable increase in thermal stability and FR characteristics of the PLA/EVA composite, which was attributed to the formation of a homogeneous protective carbon layer on the surface of the composite samples. This composite showed excellent FR characteristics with good mechanical properties, which is a good option to obtain flame retardant composites with better performance. These results demonstrated that this methodology is a promising way to meet the growing demand for high-performance materials with flame retardant characteristics, using composites with sustainable and ecological materials.

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用于开发阻燃添加剂的堇青石结构改性和封装工艺：聚乳酸/乙烯-醋酸乙烯共混物中的热性能和机械性能研究

在这项工作中，我们介绍了堇青石（Pal）的结构改性及其在阻燃添加剂制备中的应用。这些阻燃添加剂是通过三聚氰胺和二异氰酸酯原位聚合反应的封装工艺制备的。傅立叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和扫描电镜技术对 Pal 的结构改性和封装工艺进行了表征。通过熔融混合将这些阻燃添加剂加入聚乳酸（PLA）和乙烯-醋酸乙烯（EVA）的聚合物混合物中。通过热重分析（TGA）、差示扫描量热法（DSC）、锥形量热法、极限氧指数（LOI）和塑料易燃性标准（UL 94，HB）对将阻燃添加剂与聚乳酸/乙烯-醋酸乙烯共混得到的化合物进行了表征。加入阻燃添加剂后，聚乳酸/EVA 复合材料的热性能发生了显著变化。我们观察到锥形量热仪测试中的峰值热释放率明显降低，LOI 值显著增加。在 UL-94 试验中也观察到水平燃烧（HB）率降低。所得结果证实，聚乳酸/EVA 复合材料的热稳定性和阻燃特性显著提高，这归功于复合材料样品表面形成了均匀的保护碳层。这种复合材料具有优异的阻燃特性和良好的机械性能，是获得性能更佳的阻燃复合材料的良好选择。这些结果表明，该方法是满足对具有阻燃特性的高性能材料日益增长的需求的一种很有前途的方法，它使用的是可持续和生态材料制成的复合材料。

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来源期刊

Iranian Polymer Journal 化学-高分子科学

CiteScore

4.90

自引率

9.70%

发文量

107

审稿时长

2.8 months

期刊介绍： Iranian Polymer Journal, a monthly peer-reviewed international journal, provides a continuous forum for the dissemination of the original research and latest advances made in science and technology of polymers, covering diverse areas of polymer synthesis, characterization, polymer physics, rubber, plastics and composites, processing and engineering, biopolymers, drug delivery systems and natural polymers to meet specific applications. Also contributions from nano-related fields are regarded especially important for its versatility in modern scientific development.