Novel Gain-of-Function Mutation in the Kv11.1 Channel Found in the Patient with Brugada Syndrome and Mild QTc Shortening

Abstract

Brugada syndrome (BrS) is an inherited disease characterized by right precordial ST-segment elevation in the right precordial leads on electrocardiograms (ECG), and high risk of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death (SCD). Mutations in the responsible genes have not been fully characterized in the BrS patients, except for the SCN5A gene. We identified a new genetic variant, c.1189C>T (p.R397C), in the KCNH2 gene in the asymptomatic male proband diagnosed with BrS and mild QTc shortening. We hypothesize that this variant could alter I_Kr-current and may be causative for the rare non-SCN5A-related form of BrS. To assess its pathogenicity, we performed patch-clamp analysis on I_Kr reconstituted with this KCNH2 mutation in the Chinese hamster ovary cells and compared the phenotype with the wild type. It appeared that the R397C mutation does not affect the I_Kr density, but facilitates activation, hampers inactivation of the hERG channels, and increases magnitude of the window current suggesting that the p.R397C is a gain-of-function mutation. In silico modeling demonstrated that this missense mutation potentially leads to the shortening of action potential in the heart.