Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus infections in pinnipeds and seabirds in Uruguay: implications for bird-mammal transmission in South America

IF 5.5 2区医学 Q1 VIROLOGY

Virus Evolution Pub Date : 2024-04-15 DOI:10.1093/ve/veae031

Gonzalo Tomás, Ana Marandino, Yanina Panzera, Sirley Rodríguez, Gabriel Luz Wallau, Filipe Zimmer Dezordi, Ramiro Pérez, Lucía Bassetti, Raúl Negro, Joaquín Williman, Valeria Uriarte, Fabiana Grazioli, Carmen Leizagoyen, Sabrina Riverón, Jaime Coronel, Soledad Bello, Enrique Páez, Martín Lima, Virginia Méndez, Ruben Pérez

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses of the clade 2.3.4.4b have caused unprecedented deaths in South American wild birds, poultry, and marine mammals. In September 2023, pinnipeds and seabirds appeared dead on the Uruguayan Atlantic coast. Sixteen influenza virus strains were characterized by real-time reverse transcription PCR and genome sequencing in samples from sea lions (Otaria flavescens), fur seals (Arctocephalus australis), and terns (Sterna hirundinacea). Phylogenetic and ancestral reconstruction analysis showed that these strains have pinnipeds as the most likely ancestral host, representing a recent introduction of the clade 2.3.4.4b in Uruguay. The Uruguayan and closely related strains from Peru (sea lions) and Chile (sea lions and a human case) carry mammalian adaptative residues 591K and 701N in the viral polymerase basic protein 2 (PB2). Our findings suggest that the clade 2.3.4.4b strains in South America may have spread from mammals to mammals and seabirds, revealing a new transmission route.

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乌拉圭针鱼和海鸟感染高致病性禽流感 H5N1 病毒：对南美洲鸟类-哺乳动物传播的影响

2.3.4.4b 支系的高致病性禽流感病毒在南美洲野鸟、家禽和海洋哺乳动物中造成了前所未有的死亡。2023 年 9 月，乌拉圭大西洋沿岸出现了死亡的针足类动物和海鸟。通过对海狮（Otaria flavescens）、海狗（Arctocephalus australis）和燕鸥（Sterna hirundinacea）的样本进行实时反转录聚合酶链反应和基因组测序，确定了 16 个流感病毒株的特征。系统发育和祖先重建分析表明，这些菌株最有可能的祖先宿主是针足类动物，这表明 2.3.4.4b 支系最近才传入乌拉圭。乌拉圭以及秘鲁（海狮）和智利（海狮和一个人类病例）的密切相关毒株在病毒聚合酶基本蛋白 2 (PB2) 中携带哺乳动物适应性残基 591K 和 701N。我们的研究结果表明，南美洲的2.3.4.4b支系毒株可能已经从哺乳动物传播到哺乳动物和海鸟，揭示了一条新的传播途径。

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来源期刊

Virus Evolution Immunology and Microbiology-Microbiology

CiteScore

10.50

自引率

5.70%

发文量

108

审稿时长

14 weeks

期刊介绍： Virus Evolution is a new Open Access journal focusing on the long-term evolution of viruses, viruses as a model system for studying evolutionary processes, viral molecular epidemiology and environmental virology. The aim of the journal is to provide a forum for original research papers, reviews, commentaries and a venue for in-depth discussion on the topics relevant to virus evolution.