Comparison of carbon coating and MCMB structures used in graphite anodes for potassium ion batteries

IF 5.5 3区 材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Ruifeng Huang, Chenghao Xu, Zuyong Feng, Miao He, Kunhua Wen, Li Chen, Tong Liang, Deping Xiong
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Abstract

This study comprehensively investigates three types of graphite materials as potential anodes for potassium-ion batteries. Natural graphite, artificial carbon-coated graphite, and mesocarbon microbeads (MCMB) are examined for their structural characteristics and electrochemical performances. Structural analyses, including HRTEM, XRD, Raman spectroscopy, and laser particle size measurements, reveal distinct features in each graphite type. XRD spectra confirm that all graphites are composed of pure carbon, with high crystallinity and varying crystal sizes. Raman spectroscopy indicates differences in disorder levels, with artificial carbon-coated graphite exhibiting the highest disorder, attributed to its outer carbon coating. Ex-situ Raman and HRTEM techniques on the electrodes reveal their distinct electrochemical behaviors. MCMB stands out with superior stability and capacity retention during prolonged cycling, attributed to its unique spherical particle structure facilitating potassium-ion diffusion. The study suggests that MCMB holds promise for potassium-ion full batteries. In addition, artificial carbon-coated graphite, despite challenges in hindering potassium-ion diffusion, may find applications in commercial potassium-ion battery anodes with suitable coatings. The research contributes valuable insights into potassium-ion battery anode materials, offering a significant extension to the current understanding of graphite-based electrode performance.

用于钾离子电池石墨阳极的碳涂层和 MCMB 结构的比较
本研究全面考察了作为钾离子电池潜在阳极的三种石墨材料。研究考察了天然石墨、人工碳涂层石墨和介碳微珠(MCMB)的结构特征和电化学性能。包括 HRTEM、XRD、拉曼光谱和激光粒度测量在内的结构分析揭示了每种石墨类型的不同特征。XRD 光谱证实,所有石墨都由纯碳组成,具有高结晶度和不同的晶体尺寸。拉曼光谱显示了无序度的差异,人工碳涂层石墨的无序度最高,这归因于其外部的碳涂层。电极的原位拉曼和 HRTEM 技术揭示了它们不同的电化学行为。由于 MCMB 独特的球形颗粒结构有利于钾离子的扩散,因此在长时间循环过程中,其稳定性和容量保持性都非常出色。研究表明,MCMB 有望成为钾离子全电池。此外,人工碳涂层石墨尽管在阻碍钾离子扩散方面存在挑战,但如果有合适的涂层,仍有可能应用于商用钾离子电池阳极。这项研究为钾离子电池阳极材料提供了宝贵的见解,极大地扩展了目前对石墨电极性能的理解。
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来源期刊
Carbon Letters
Carbon Letters CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
CiteScore
7.30
自引率
20.00%
发文量
118
期刊介绍: Carbon Letters aims to be a comprehensive journal with complete coverage of carbon materials and carbon-rich molecules. These materials range from, but are not limited to, diamond and graphite through chars, semicokes, mesophase substances, carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, graphenes, carbon blacks, activated carbons, pyrolytic carbons, glass-like carbons, etc. Papers on the secondary production of new carbon and composite materials from the above mentioned various carbons are within the scope of the journal. Papers on organic substances, including coals, will be considered only if the research has close relation to the resulting carbon materials. Carbon Letters also seeks to keep abreast of new developments in their specialist fields and to unite in finding alternative energy solutions to current issues such as the greenhouse effect and the depletion of the ozone layer. The renewable energy basics, energy storage and conversion, solar energy, wind energy, water energy, nuclear energy, biomass energy, hydrogen production technology, and other clean energy technologies are also within the scope of the journal. Carbon Letters invites original reports of fundamental research in all branches of the theory and practice of carbon science and technology.
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