Baojian Guo, Chengyou Zheng, Jie Cao, Xiaoling Qiu, Fangcheng Luo, Haitao Li, Simon Mingyuan Lee, Xifei Yang, Gaoxiao Zhang, Yewei Sun, Zaijun Zhang, Yuqiang Wang
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Aggregation of α-synuclein (α-syn) and α-syn cytotoxicity are hallmarks of sporadic and familial Parkinson’s disease (PD). Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2)-dependent enhancement of the expression of the 20S proteasome core particles (20S CPs) and regulatory particles (RPs) increases proteasome activity, which can promote α-syn clearance in PD. Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ co-activator 1α (PGC-1α) may reduce oxidative stress by strongly inducing Nrf2 gene expression. In the present study, tetramethylpyrazine nitrone (TBN), a potent-free radical scavenger, promoted α-syn clearance by the ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) in cell models overexpressing the human A53T mutant α-syn. In the α-syn transgenic mice model, TBN improved motor impairment, decreased the products of oxidative damage, and down-regulated the α-syn level in the serum. TBN consistently up-regulated PGC-1α and Nrf2 expression in tested models of PD. Additionally, TBN similarly enhanced the proteasome 20S subunit beta 8 (Psmb8) expression, which is linked to chymotrypsin-like proteasome activity. Furthermore, TBN increased the mRNA levels of both the 11S RPs subunits Pa28αβ and a proteasome chaperone, known as the proteasome maturation protein (Pomp). Interestingly, specific siRNA targeting of Nrf2 blocked TBN’s effects on Psmb8, Pa28αβ, Pomp expression, and α-syn clearance. In conclusion, TBN promotes the clearance of α-syn via Nrf2-mediated UPS activation, and it may serve as a potentially disease-modifying therapeutic agent for PD.
期刊介绍:
NeuroMolecular Medicine publishes cutting-edge original research articles and critical reviews on the molecular and biochemical basis of neurological disorders. Studies range from genetic analyses of human populations to animal and cell culture models of neurological disorders. Emerging findings concerning the identification of genetic aberrancies and their pathogenic mechanisms at the molecular and cellular levels will be included. Also covered are experimental analyses of molecular cascades involved in the development and adult plasticity of the nervous system, in neurological dysfunction, and in neuronal degeneration and repair. NeuroMolecular Medicine encompasses basic research in the fields of molecular genetics, signal transduction, plasticity, and cell death. The information published in NEMM will provide a window into the future of molecular medicine for the nervous system.