Thermoplastic-polymer matrix composite of banana/betel nut husk fiber reinforcement: Physico-mechanical properties evaluation

Abstract

Reinforced composite made of polypropylene combining banana and betel nut husk fiber (BBF) was treated with 10% NaOH (w/w). The fiber percentages of 40%, 50%, and 60% were used using the compression molding process. Properties such as tensile, bending, impact, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and water absorption were assessed as composite reinforcements. The composites with 50% BBF reinforcement performed better than composites with different fiber compositions. While 40% BBF-reinforced showed superior results in tensile, bending, and water absorption tests, the impact and TGA analyses provided comparatively lower results. The tensile strength (36 MPa), bending strength (78 MPa), energy absorption (2.4 Nm), thermal resistance (300–583°), and the maximum level of characteristics were attained. This work demonstrated the feasibility of repurposing waste banana stems and betel nut husks for interior decoration, furniture, and automobile bodies in fiber-reinforced hybrid composites, replacing expensive and environmentally hazardous artificial materials due to their mechanical capabilities.