Anthocyanins: a comprehensive review on biosynthesis, structural diversity, and industrial applications

IF 7.3 2区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES
Nitisha Sendri, Pamita Bhandari
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Anthocyanins, a sub-class of polyphenolic secondary metabolites, are the subject of research in numerous pharmacological chemical studies and food industries. These molecules exhibit a wide array of pharmacological benefits own fascinating different molecular architectures and reflect colorful hues, which have made them popular targets for their studies. The potential application of anthocyanins (natural pigment) has attracted numerous widespread industrial interest. The beautiful colorant unveiled by anthocyanins has widened the scope of anthocyanin applications in food. This review summarizes the isolation of more than 200 new anthocyanins during 2010–2023 along with a discussion of their structural diversities, structural elucidation, biosynthetic pathway and more importantly, their industrial relevance in food. These molecules are classified into acylated anthocyanins and non-acylated anthocyanins, which are further divided according to their substitution pattern i.e. O-methylated anthocyanins, 3-deoxyanthocyanins. These are systematized into their derivative viz. pyranoanthocyanins, pyranoanthocyanins dimers, and metalloanthocyanins. The present review also focuses on the structural characterization of anthocyanins by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

Graphical abstract

花青素:生物合成、结构多样性和工业应用综述
花青素是多酚次生代谢物的一个亚类,是众多药理化学研究和食品工业的研究对象。这些分子具有多种药理作用,其分子结构各不相同,色彩斑斓,因此成为研究的热门对象。花青素(天然色素)的潜在应用引起了工业界的广泛兴趣。花青素所呈现的美丽色素拓宽了花青素在食品中的应用范围。本综述总结了 2010-2023 年间分离出的 200 多种新花青素,并讨论了它们的结构多样性、结构阐释、生物合成途径,更重要的是它们在食品中的工业相关性。这些分子被分为酰化花青素和非酰化花青素,并根据其取代模式(即 O-甲基化花青素和 3-脱氧花青素)进一步划分。这些花青素又系统地分为其衍生物,即吡喃花青素、吡喃花青素二聚体和金属花青素。本综述还侧重于通过核磁共振光谱分析花青素的结构特征。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Phytochemistry Reviews
Phytochemistry Reviews PLANT SCIENCES-
CiteScore
16.30
自引率
2.60%
发文量
54
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Phytochemistry Reviews is the sole review journal encompassing all facets of phytochemistry. It publishes peer-reviewed papers in six issues annually, including topical issues often stemming from meetings organized by the Phytochemical Society of Europe. Additionally, the journal welcomes original review papers that contribute to advancing knowledge in various aspects of plant chemistry, function, biosynthesis, effects on plant and animal physiology, pathology, and their application in agriculture and industry. Invited meeting papers are supplemented with additional review papers, providing a comprehensive overview of the current status across all areas of phytochemistry.
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