Second-generation bioenergy to decouple fossil fuel dependency and environmental deterioration: Dynamic and optimal mechanisms and gas-to-ash products of combustion of Pennisetum hydridum
Sen Lin , Li Wang , Jingyong Liu , Zebin Wei , Fatih Evrendilek , Jiayu Liang , Ziting Lin , Zuoyi Yang , Sheng Zhong
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Second-generation biofuels may show great potential for decoupling fossil fuel reliance and environmental deterioration. This study aimed to characterize the dependency, drivers, and gas-to-ash products of the combustion of Pennisetum hydridum (PHY). The activation energy of the two main combustion stages and their best-fit mechanism models were 221.01 kJ·mol−1 (F4) and 191.59 kJ·mol−1 (D1) in the air combustion and 202.26 kJ·mol−1 (F3.5) and 199.09 kJ·mol−1 (D3) in the oxy-fuel combustion. High atmospheric concentration of CO2 delayed the peaks of the mass loss curve, increased the release of C-containing products (CO, CH4, and some small molecule organic matters), decreased or delayed the release of N-containing products (HCN and NH3), and reduced the slagging risk of ash, presenting a loose and porous structure. Owing to the high K content, part of K formed K2SO4 and KCl, finally decomposed into gaseous products, with remaining K being retained in the ash as silicates and aluminosilicates. The maximized energy performance and the minimized emissions of gaseous products were jointly optimized in the combustion range of 500–993 °C. Findings of this study can provide insights into a better development of the comprehensive utilization of PHY from the perspective of bioenergy efficiency and eco-friendly disposal.
期刊介绍:
Biomass & Bioenergy is an international journal publishing original research papers and short communications, review articles and case studies on biological resources, chemical and biological processes, and biomass products for new renewable sources of energy and materials.
The scope of the journal extends to the environmental, management and economic aspects of biomass and bioenergy.
Key areas covered by the journal:
• Biomass: sources, energy crop production processes, genetic improvements, composition. Please note that research on these biomass subjects must be linked directly to bioenergy generation.
• Biological Residues: residues/rests from agricultural production, forestry and plantations (palm, sugar etc), processing industries, and municipal sources (MSW). Papers on the use of biomass residues through innovative processes/technological novelty and/or consideration of feedstock/system sustainability (or unsustainability) are welcomed. However waste treatment processes and pollution control or mitigation which are only tangentially related to bioenergy are not in the scope of the journal, as they are more suited to publications in the environmental arena. Papers that describe conventional waste streams (ie well described in existing literature) that do not empirically address ''new'' added value from the process are not suitable for submission to the journal.
• Bioenergy Processes: fermentations, thermochemical conversions, liquid and gaseous fuels, and petrochemical substitutes
• Bioenergy Utilization: direct combustion, gasification, electricity production, chemical processes, and by-product remediation
• Biomass and the Environment: carbon cycle, the net energy efficiency of bioenergy systems, assessment of sustainability, and biodiversity issues.