Kant’s Fantasy

IF 1.8 1区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY
MIND Pub Date : 2024-04-02 DOI:10.1093/mind/fzae003
Francey Russell
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Abstract

Throughout his lectures and published writings on anthropology, Kant describes a form of unintentional, unstructured, obscure, and pleasurable imaginative mental activity, which he calls fantasy (Phantasie), where we ‘take pleasure in letting our mind wander about in obscurity’ (LA 25:480). In the context of his pragmatic anthropology, Kant is concerned not only to describe this form of mental activity as a fact of human psychology, but more importantly, to criticize and discourage it. But must we share Kant’s negative evaluation? Could fantasy play a positive role in some kinds of experience? In this paper I first reconstruct Kant’s conception of fantasy, and then consider what role fantasy might play in aesthetic experience. Precisely because of his anxieties about fantasy, Kant is careful to distinguish between the lawless freedom of the imagination in fantasy and the ‘free lawfulness’ of the imagination in aesthetic judgment. Departing from Kant, and with help from Susan Sontag, I argue that certain aesthetic objects, especially certain works of modernist art, positively invite fantasy, making fantasy part of proper aesthetic appreciation. I conclude by suggesting that while fantasy can indeed play a positive role in aesthetic appreciation, there is still reason to regard fantasy as ‘normatively ambiguous’.
康德的幻想
康德在他关于人类学的演讲和出版的著作中,描述了一种无意识的、无组织的、朦胧的和愉悦的想象性心理活动,他称之为幻想(Phantasie),我们 "以让我们的思想在朦胧中漫游为乐"(LA 25:480)。在他的实用人类学中,康德不仅将这种形式的心理活动描述为人类心理的一个事实,更重要的是,他对这种心理活动进行了批判和劝阻。但是,我们必须认同康德的负面评价吗?幻想能否在某些经验中发挥积极作用?在本文中,我首先重构了康德的幻想概念,然后思考了幻想在审美体验中可能扮演的角色。正因为康德对幻想的焦虑,他谨慎地区分了幻想中想象力无法无天的自由与审美判断中想象力的 "自由合法"。从康德出发,在苏珊-桑塔格(Susan Sontag)的帮助下,我认为某些审美对象,尤其是某些现代主义艺术作品,积极地邀请幻想,使幻想成为正确审美鉴赏的一部分。最后,我提出,虽然幻想确实可以在审美鉴赏中发挥积极作用,但仍有理由将幻想视为 "规范上的模糊"。
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来源期刊
MIND
MIND PHILOSOPHY-
CiteScore
3.10
自引率
5.60%
发文量
47
期刊介绍: Mind has long been a leading journal in philosophy. For well over 100 years it has presented the best of cutting edge thought from epistemology, metaphysics, philosophy of language, philosophy of logic, and philosophy of mind. Mind continues its tradition of excellence today. Mind has always enjoyed a strong reputation for the high standards established by its editors and receives around 350 submissions each year. The editor seeks advice from a large number of expert referees, including members of the network of Associate Editors and his international advisers. Mind is published quarterly.
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