Evaluation of Nutritional Interventions in Preventing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Controlled Trial

IF 0.4 4区医学 Q4 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Current Topics in Nutraceutical Research Pub Date : 2024-01-12 DOI:10.37290/ctnr2641-452x.22:424-430

Qiuyu Li, Xin Wang, Runqing Lu, Jiaoyang Zheng, Jingjing Chen

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Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the structured dietary intervention in reducing the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus and improving associated metabolic health indicators. We included 530 participants randomly assigned to an intervention group with a Mediterranean-style diet and a control group with generic dietary guidelines. The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus was the primary outcome, whereas changes in fasting plasma glucose, lipid profiles, and body composition were the secondary outcomes. After 24 months, the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus was significantly lower among participants in the intervention group than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Fasting glucose, hemoglobin A1c, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein levels were decreased (P < 0.05), and high-density lipoprotein levels were increased among participants in the intervention group than in those in the control group (P < 0.05). Also, body weight, blood pressure, and body mass index, major negative predictors of fasting glucose levels, were significantly decreased in participants in the intervention group than in those in the control group (P < 0.05), irrespective of other covariates. Dietary intervention substantially reduced the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus and improved glycemic control, lipid profiles, and overall metabolic health.

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评估预防 2 型糖尿病的营养干预措施：随机对照试验

这项研究旨在评估结构化饮食干预在降低 2 型糖尿病发病风险和改善相关代谢健康指标方面的效果。我们将 530 名参与者随机分配到采用地中海式饮食的干预组和采用通用饮食指南的对照组。2 型糖尿病的发病率是主要结果，空腹血浆葡萄糖、血脂和身体成分的变化是次要结果。24 个月后，干预组参与者的 2 型糖尿病发病率明显低于对照组（P < 0.05）。与对照组相比，干预组参与者的空腹血糖、血红蛋白 A1c、总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白水平下降（P < 0.05），高密度脂蛋白水平上升（P < 0.05）。此外，体重、血压和体重指数是空腹血糖水平的主要负向预测指标，干预组参与者的体重、血压和体重指数明显低于对照组（P < 0.05），与其他协变量无关。饮食干预大大降低了罹患 2 型糖尿病的风险，改善了血糖控制、血脂状况和整体代谢健康。

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来源期刊

Current Topics in Nutraceutical Research 医学-药学

CiteScore

1.10

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Current Topics in Nutraceutical Research is an international, interdisciplinary broad-based peer reviewed scientific journal for critical evaluation of research on chemistry, biology and therapeutic applications of nutraceuticals and functional foods. The major goal of this journal is to provide peer reviewed unbiased scientific data to the decision makers in the nutraceutical and food industry to help make informed choices about development of new products. To this end, the journal will publish two types of review articles. First, a review of preclinical research data coming largely from animal, cell culture and other experimental models. Such data will provide basis for future product development and/or human research initiatives. Second, a critical evaluation of current human experimental data to help market and deliver the product for medically proven use. This journal will also serve as a forum for nutritionists, internists, neurologists, psychiatrists, and all those interested in preventive medicine. The common denominator of all of the topic to be covered by the journal must include nutraceuticals and/functional food. The following is an example of some specific areas that may be of interest to the journal. i) Role of vitamins, minerals, antioxidants and phytonutrients on cardiovascular health, cancer, diabetes, ocular health, mental health, men’s health, women’s health, infant nutrition, ii) Role of herbals on human health, iii) Dietary supplements and sleep, iv) Components of diet that may have beneficial effect on human health, v) regulation of apoptosis and cell viability, vi) Isolation and characterization of bioactive components from functional foods, vii) Nutritional genomics, and viii) Nutritional proteomics.

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