Assessment of CT-KUB as A Diagnostic Tool for Renal Stone Assessment in the Pediatric Population

Abstract

 Introduction Pakistan possesses a larger stone burden in paediatric patients. In the paediatric population, proper and timely diagnosis of renal stones to get the best stone-free rates is essential. This study aims to assess CT-KUB as a diagnostic tool for renal stones in the paediatric population before PCNL. Methodology This is a retrospective, cross-sectional study. Patients between 1 – 15 years with a diagnosis of renal stones were included in the study.  Radiological investigations including Ultrasound KUB, X-ray KUB, and before the procedure, CT-KUB were documented. Pre-operative, per-operative, and postoperative complications are used to assess the success of the procedure. The statistical package of Social Sciences 22 was used to enter, sort, and analyze the data. Variables were analyzed in mean ± standard deviation and frequency and percentages. The chi-square test was used to assess the significance of mean differences keeping the p-value as ≤ 0.05. Results The mean age was 4.7 ± 3.8 years with a range of 1 -14 years. After the procedure, 104 (86.6%) were rendered stone-free after the first setting. Only 1 (0.8%) was converted to an open case (Pyelolithotomy). The mean stone size encountered was 1.3 ± 0.7 cm in greatest dimension as measured on the CT scan. Postoperatively, there was a hemoglobin drop of 2.3 ± 0.5 g/dl noted, mean operative time was 94.8 ± 17.4 minutes. Conclusion CT KUB proves to be an important and accurate preoperative diagnostic tool in assessing patients with renal stones in the paediatric population.