The Effect of PEG 4000 in Co-processed Excipient using Melt Granulation Method on the Physical Characteristics of Chitosan Tablets in Mangrove Crab Shells (Scylla serrata)

Abstract

Mangrove Crab (Scylla serrata) is an animal that likes to be consumed but its shell waste is underutilized. The shell contains chitosan which has many benefits, one of which can lower cholesterol levels. The combination of 2 or more excipients is called co-processed excipients which are then continued into tablets by direct compression. The aim of the study was to find out whether chitosan could be formalized into coprocessed tablets (lactose, primogel, and PEG 4000 7.5% & 15%) by direct compression method and the effect of differences in the characteristics of coprocessed and chitosan tablets with a ratio of PEG 4000 7.5% and 15 % as binder. The evaluation results showed that chitosan tablets fulfilled the requirements for the uniformity of weight, hardness, disintegration time (F1) tests, while they did not meet the requirements for the uniformity of tablet size, friability and disintegration times (F2) tests and the results of the coprocessing evaluation met specifications both F1 and F2, namely: particle size distribution, moisture content, flow rate, angle of repose (very good), compressibility index (adequate) and Hausner's ratio (very good). The evaluation results were then processed statistically using the SPSS application using the independent t-test method which showed that there was no significant difference in the effect of PEG 4000 7.5% and 15% as a binder on the characteristics of co-processed and chitosan tablets. Chitosan tablets from mangrove crab shells (Scylla serrata) cannot be formalized by direct compression with co-processing.