Predicting outcomes in trauma patients by using reverse shock index multiplied by Glasgow coma scores (rSIG): A retrospective cross-sectional study

Abstract

Introduction: This study aimed to determine the predictive value of the reverse shock index (rSI) using the Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) to predict the outcome of traumatic patients. Methods: This study included all patients with a traumatic injury aged≥18 years with ISS score≥16 and head Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS)≥2 admitted to the Imam Reza hospital of Tabriz, Iran from 1 March, 2021 to 1 July, 2021. After excluding the patients with incomplete data, 216 patients were enrolled. In this study, the rSIG is the product of rSI multiplied by the GCS score. The patients’ symptoms were recorded routinely in the summary section of all patients’ records using the studied indexes. Data collection was performed using the researcher-made forms. The SPSS software v.21 was used to analyze the data. A P-value<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The results of data analysis demonstrated that the regression model by two predicting variables of rSI and rSIG was statistically significant. Also, the model can distinguish between the patients who died and those who were discharged. In addition, the Hosmer-Lemeshow test confirmed the model’s advantage and its accuracy (χ2=14.12, df=8, P>0.05). Conclusion: So, the predictive value of rSI with GCS in predicting the outcome of traumatic patients was high.