Structural-genetic Characteristics of Landscapes of the Southeastern Slope of the Great Caucasus and Study of Their Modern State

Abstract

The structural-genetic characteristics of landscapes have an important role in the formation of landscapes, the spread of agrocomplexes, the assimilation of landscapes and other directions. At present, these studies are conducted using modern methods, based on the processing of satellite images with the help of Geographical Information Systems. We also applied this practice for the first time in our country. In this regard, our research is relevant. Our goal is to determine the future development trends of landscape use by studying the structural-genetic characteristics of landscapes with modern methods. As a result of the analysis of the structural-genetic characteristics and morphometric elements of the modern natural landscapes in the studied area, three landscape sectors, which are sharply different from each other due to height differentiation and structure, were separated: 1. Atachay-Tughchay; 2. Pirsaatchay-Sumgayitchay; 3. Girdimanchay-Agsuchay. It was determined that the spectra of natural terrain complexes, hypsometric levels, and tendencies of anthropogenic transformations in the high landscape sectors are different, and based on these calculations, map schemes and tables were drawn up. When examining the structural-genetic characteristics of the studied area, the strength of anthropogenic influences throughout history is clearly visible, considering that there are quite ancient settlements in the research area.