METHODS OF EXTRACTION OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES FROM THE LICHEN CLADONIA RANGIFERINA HOFF

Abstract

Relevance. In pharmacy, the registration of plants containing substances with a therapeutic effect as medicinal is a promising direction. Such plants serve as excellent raw materials for the creation of original medical products. They are, from the point of view of economic and therapeutic effectiveness, sometimes very profitable. Many lichen plants contain substances that have a proven therapeutic effect. Among them, organisms of the genus Cladonia, which synthesize usnic acid, are of particular importance and use. It is considered to be the most promising compound as a potential precursor for the development of new pharmaceuticals. The aim is investigation, approbation and unification of methods for the isolation of biologically active substances from the lichen Cladonia rangiferina Hoff. Materials and methods. The material for the study is raw material of Yagel (Deer Moss)/Cladonia rangiferina Hoff. The extractive properties of the most commonly used solvents have been studied, among which the most effective one has been determined. The content of biologically active (extractive) substances was determined by maceration and percolation methods. The results of the study. According to the results of a series of experiments to study extractive capabilities, of all solvents, the maximum extractive ability of extractive substances from Cladonia rangiferina Hoff was noted for 95% ethyl alcohol (7.38%). By maceration, the yield of biologically active substances was 8.35% (confidence interval 8,035 to 8,665 ml/g). The maceration method showed a yield of biologically active substances of 3.81% (confidence interval 8,714-8,906 ml/g). The conclusion was made about these methods can be used to detect biologically active substances obtained from the raw materials of Cladonia rangiferina Hoff. The obtained developments create prerequisites for the development of regulatory documentation on the procedure and position of the relevant standard or a temporary pharmacopoeia article. A detailed study of the pharmacological effect of substances from Cladonia on the body can be attributed to the group of medicinal plants.