Fracture Network Influence on Rock Damage and Gas Transport following an Underground Explosion

Aidan Stansberry, M. Sweeney, J. Hyman, Justin Strait, Z. Lei, Hari S. Viswanathan, Philip H. Stauffer
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Abstract

Simulations of rock damage and gas transport following underground explosions that omit preexisting fracture networks in the subsurface cannot fully characterize the influence of geo-structural variability on gas transport. Previous studies do not consider the impact that fracture network structure and variability have on gas seepage. In this study, we develop a sequentially coupled, axi-symmetric model to look at the damage pattern and resulting gas breakthrough curves following an underground explosion given different fracture network realizations. We simulate 0.327 and 0.164 kT chemical explosives with burial depths of 100 m for 90 stochastically generated fracture networks. Gases quickly reach the surface in 30% of the higher yield simulations and 5% of the lower yield simulations. The fast breakthrough can be attributed to the formation of connected pathways between fractures to the surface. The formation of a connected damage pathway to the surface is not clearly correlated with the fracture intensity (P32) in our simulations. Breakthrough curves with slower transport are highly variable depending on the fracture network sample. The variability in the breakthrough behavior indicates that ignoring the influence of fracture networks on rock damage, which strongly influences the hydraulic properties following an underground explosion, will likely lead to a large underestimation of the uncertainty in the gas transport to the surface. This work highlights the need for incorporation of fracture networks into models for accurately predicting gas seepage following underground explosions.
地下爆炸后断裂网对岩石破坏和气体迁移的影响
对地下爆炸后的岩石破坏和气体输送进行模拟时,如果忽略了地下原有的断裂网络,就无法充分描述地质结构变化对气体输送的影响。以往的研究没有考虑断裂网结构和变化对气体渗流的影响。在本研究中,我们建立了一个顺序耦合的轴对称模型,以研究不同断裂网情况下地下爆炸后的破坏模式和由此产生的气体突破曲线。我们模拟了埋深为 100 米的 0.327 和 0.164 kT 化学炸药和 90 个随机生成的断裂网络。在 30% 的较高爆炸当量模拟和 5% 的较低爆炸当量模拟中,气体迅速到达地表。快速突破可归因于裂缝之间形成了通向地表的连接通道。在我们的模拟中,通向表面的连接损伤通道的形成与断裂强度(P32)并无明显关联。根据断裂网络样本的不同,传输速度较慢的突破曲线变化很大。突破行为的多变性表明,断裂网络对地下爆炸后的水力特性有很大影响,如果忽视断裂网络对岩石破坏的影响,很可能会导致向地表输送气体的不确定性被大大低估。这项工作强调了将断裂网络纳入模型以准确预测地下爆炸后气体渗流的必要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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