Vulnerability to Aquifer Pollution in the Mexican Wine Producing Valley of Guadalupe, México

IF 3.1 Q2 WATER RESOURCES

Hydrology Pub Date : 2024-01-31 DOI:10.3390/hydrology11020016

Guadalupe Díaz-Gutiérrez, L. W. Daesslé, Francisco José Del-Toro-Guerrero, M. Villada-Canela, G. Seingier

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Groundwater pollution is one of the main challenges in our society, especially in semi-arid Mediterranean regions. This issue becomes especially critical in predominantly agricultural areas that lack comprehensive knowledge about the characteristics and functioning of their aquifer system. Vulnerability to groundwater pollution is defined as the sensitivity of the aquifer to being adversely affected by an imposed pollution load. For the Guadalupe aquifer, various indicators including water level depth, level variation, aquifer properties, soil composition, topography, impact on the vadose zone, and hydraulic conductivity were evaluated to establish spatial vulnerability categories ranging from very low to very high. Two pollution vulnerability scenarios (wet and dry) were studied. The results were compared with the analysis of nitrate concentration and distribution (2001, 2020, and 2021) from samples collected in the field. In the Calafia area, which predominantly relies on viticulture, the primary recharge inputs were identified in areas with a high vulnerability to pollution. Surprisingly, these vulnerable areas exhibited lower nitrate concentrations. This scenario underscores the need for effective management measures to safeguard aquifers in agricultural regions.

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墨西哥瓜达卢佩产酒谷易受含水层污染影响的程度

地下水污染是我们社会面临的主要挑战之一，尤其是在半干旱的地中海地区。在以农业为主的地区，由于缺乏对含水层系统特征和功能的全面了解，这一问题变得尤为严峻。对地下水污染的脆弱性是指含水层对外加污染负荷产生不利影响的敏感性。对于瓜达卢佩含水层，我们对包括水位深度、水位变化、含水层特性、土壤成分、地形、对软弱带的影响以及水力传导性在内的各种指标进行了评估，以确定从极低到极高的空间脆弱性类别。研究了两种污染脆弱性情况（潮湿和干燥）。研究结果与实地采集的硝酸盐浓度和分布（2001 年、2020 年和 2021 年）样本分析结果进行了比较。在主要依靠葡萄种植业的卡拉菲亚地区，在易受污染的地区确定了主要的补给输入。令人惊讶的是，这些易受污染地区的硝酸盐浓度较低。这种情况突出表明，需要采取有效的管理措施来保护农业地区的含水层。

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来源期刊

Hydrology Earth and Planetary Sciences-Earth-Surface Processes

CiteScore

4.90

自引率

21.90%

发文量

192

审稿时长

6 weeks

期刊介绍： Journal of Hydrology publishes original research papers and comprehensive reviews in all the subfields of the hydrological sciences, including water based management and policy issues that impact on economics and society. These comprise, but are not limited to the physical, chemical, biogeochemical, stochastic and systems aspects of surface and groundwater hydrology, hydrometeorology, hydrogeology and hydrogeophysics. Relevant topics incorporating the insights and methodologies of disciplines such as climatology, water resource systems, ecohydrology, geomorphology, soil science, instrumentation and remote sensing, data and information sciences, civil and environmental engineering are within scope. Social science perspectives on hydrological problems such as resource and ecological economics, sociology, psychology and behavioural science, management and policy analysis are also invited. Multi-and interdisciplinary analyses of hydrological problems are within scope. The science published in the Journal of Hydrology is relevant to catchment scales rather than exclusively to a local scale or site. Studies focused on urban hydrological issues are included.