Prevalence and Factors Associated with Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in an Ethiopian Comprehensive Specialized Hospital

Diriba Teshome, Metages Hunie, Simegnew Kibret, Marifa Mestofa, Efrem Fenta
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Abstract

Background. Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common and uncomfortable anesthetic and surgical consequences. It may cause severe distress to the patient and may cause the recovery process to be delayed. Identifying the reasons may aid in reducing the magnitude and problems. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors for PONV after general anesthesia in an Ethiopian hospital. Methods. From March 1 to May 30, 2019, a cross-sectional study was designed. A patient interview was used to obtain data on the occurrence of PONV, and a chart review was used to collect data on other demographic and clinical variables. To identify associated factors, variables with a P-value of 0.2 in binary logistic regression were transformed into a multivariable logistic regression. The strength of the association and level of significance waswere demonstrated using crude and adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals and P-values of 0.05. Results. The study included 162 participants, with a remarkable 100% response rate. Within 24 hr after surgery, 51.2% of patients had nausea and vomiting. When compared to their counterparts, female patients, patients who received perioperative opioid medication, patients with a history of PONV, and patients with a history of motion sickness reported a statistically significant difference (higher incidence) in PONV. Conclusion. This study only comprised ASA physical classes 1 and 2 patients who did not receive preventive antiemetics. In the research area, the total prevalence of vomiting and nausea was 51.2%. Female sex, perioperative opioid usage, a history of nausea and vomiting, and a history of motion sickness were discovered to be statistically significantly associated with a higher incidence of PONV.
埃塞俄比亚一家综合专科医院术后恶心和呕吐的发生率及相关因素
背景。术后恶心和呕吐(PONV)是一种常见的麻醉和手术后不适症状。它可能会给患者带来严重的痛苦,并可能导致恢复过程延迟。找出其原因可能有助于减少其严重程度和问题。本研究旨在确定埃塞俄比亚一家医院全身麻醉后 PONV 的发生率和风险因素。研究方法从 2019 年 3 月 1 日至 5 月 30 日,设计了一项横断面研究。通过对患者进行访谈来获取有关 PONV 发生情况的数据,并通过病历审查来收集有关其他人口统计学和临床变量的数据。为确定相关因素,将二元逻辑回归中 P 值为 0.2 的变量转化为多变量逻辑回归。相关性的强度和显著性水平通过粗略和调整后的几率(95% 置信区间和 P 值为 0.05)来证明。结果该研究共纳入了 162 名参与者,回复率高达 100%。术后 24 小时内,51.2% 的患者出现恶心和呕吐。与同类患者相比,女性患者、围手术期服用阿片类药物的患者、有 PONV 病史的患者和有晕动病史的患者的 PONV 发生率有显著差异(发生率更高)。结论。本研究仅包括未接受预防性止吐药的 ASA 体力等级 1 级和 2 级患者。在研究地区,呕吐和恶心的总发生率为 51.2%。研究发现,女性性别、围手术期阿片类药物的使用、恶心和呕吐病史以及晕车病史与 PONV 发生率较高有显著统计学关联。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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15 weeks
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