Long-Term Characterization of Indoor Air Quality at a Research Area Building: Comparing Reference Instruments and Low-Cost Sensors

IF 4.3 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
Indoor air Pub Date : 2024-02-23 DOI:10.1155/2024/8799498
Mariarosaria Calvello, Francesca Agresti, Francesco Esposito, Giulia Pavese
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Indoor particle number size distribution (0.3-10 μm), equivalent black carbon (eBC), and Ångström absorption exponent (AAE) data were collected in real conditions, over a ten-month period at a research area building, in a semirural site, to characterize indoor aerosol loading. Additionally, during the campaign, emissions from four indoor sources commonly used at the site (incense, traditional cigarettes, electronic cigarettes, and heat-not-burn products) were studied during short-term experiments with the support of ultrafine particle (UFP) monitoring. Two particle low-cost sensors (PM LCS), Sensirion SPS30 (0.3-10 μm), were evaluated in the long-term campaign and during fast emission processes, to assess their accuracy and reliability. Penetration and infiltration of both fine and coarse particles from outdoor traffic, domestic heating, and dust resuspension were inferred as the main sources of indoor aerosols on a long-term basis. Moreover, long-range transported dust aerosols were found to influence indoor coarse number concentration. Among the source events, heat-not-burn (HNB) product resulted in the lowest effect on indoor air quality, whereas the highest AAE values from incense and traditional cigarettes suggest the brown carbon (BrC) production. The highest emission of UFP was caused by electronic cigarettes (e-cig), which spanned particles from the ultrafine to the coarse fractions. This was likely due to the release of metal and silicate from the coil. Analysis of number size distributions of the four experiments revealed the emission of fine particles (0.3-1 μm) and super micron particles. SPS30s performance was satisfactory in terms of accuracy, precision, and durability, indicating that these devices are suitable for monitoring indoor air quality. Additionally, the two PM LCS were able to detect all simulated fast emission sources.

研究区大楼室内空气质量的长期特征描述:参考仪器与低成本传感器的比较
在半农村地区的一栋研究区建筑中,在实际条件下收集了为期十个月的室内粒径分布(0.3-10 μm)、等效黑碳(eBC)和Ångström 吸收指数(AAE)数据,以确定室内气溶胶负荷的特征。此外,在活动期间,在超细粒子(UFP)监测的支持下,在短期实验中研究了该场所常用的四种室内源(香、传统香烟、电子香烟和加热不燃烧产品)的排放情况。在长期活动和快速排放过程中,对 Sensirion SPS30(0.3-10 μm)这两种颗粒物低成本传感器(PM LCS)进行了评估,以评估其准确性和可靠性。室外交通、家庭取暖和灰尘再悬浮所产生的细颗粒和粗颗粒的渗透和渗入被推断为室内气溶胶的主要长期来源。此外,长程飘移的尘埃气溶胶也会影响室内粗颗粒物的浓度。在各种来源事件中,热而不燃(HNB)产品对室内空气质量的影响最小,而熏香和传统香烟的 AAE 值最高,这表明有褐碳(BrC)产生。电子香烟(e-cig)的超细颗粒物(UFP)排放量最高,从超细颗粒物到粗颗粒物都有。这可能是由于线圈释放出金属和硅酸盐。对四次实验的粒度分布进行分析后发现,排放出了细颗粒(0.3-1 微米)和超微颗粒。SPS30 在准确度、精确度和耐用性方面的表现都令人满意,表明这些设备适用于监测室内空气质量。此外,这两种 PM LCS 能够检测到所有模拟的快速排放源。
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来源期刊
Indoor air
Indoor air 环境科学-工程:环境
CiteScore
10.80
自引率
10.30%
发文量
175
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: The quality of the environment within buildings is a topic of major importance for public health. Indoor Air provides a location for reporting original research results in the broad area defined by the indoor environment of non-industrial buildings. An international journal with multidisciplinary content, Indoor Air publishes papers reflecting the broad categories of interest in this field: health effects; thermal comfort; monitoring and modelling; source characterization; ventilation and other environmental control techniques. The research results present the basic information to allow designers, building owners, and operators to provide a healthy and comfortable environment for building occupants, as well as giving medical practitioners information on how to deal with illnesses related to the indoor environment.
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