Trace Determination of Phenanthrene and Fluorene in Beverages Using D-μ-SPE and Liquid Chromatography Analysis

Q4 Multidisciplinary

ASM Science Journal Pub Date : 2024-02-26 DOI:10.32802/asmscj.2023.1512

Nor Suhaila Mohamad Hanapi, W. N. Wan Ibrahim, Farahnaz Mohammad Anwar, N. Zaini, S. Kamaruzaman, A. L. Anis

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Abstract

Dispersive micro solid phase extraction (D-μ-SPE) method using Graphene Oxide (GO) for the extraction and pre-concentration of selected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from beverage samples prior to high-performance liquid chromatography - diode array detector (HPLC - DAD) is reported. Selected PAHs Fluorene (FLU) and Phenanthrene (PHE) were used as targeted analytes. An experimental design using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Box–Box–Behnken design (BBD) was performed to evaluate the interactive effects of three significant parameters: mass of sorbent, sample volume and extraction time. Under the optimum conditions, the method revealed good linearity (R2 = 0.9995 – 0.9998) over a concentration range of 0.5 – 5.0 mg L-1. The limit of detection (LOD) was in the range of 0.03 – 0.24 mg L-1 with satisfactory relative recoveries (81 – 99 %) and good relative standard deviation (RSD) of ≤ 3.80 % (n = 3). The method was successfully applied to tea, coffee, and milk samples and proved to be a simple, rapid, and reliable method with good extraction efficiencies for the detection of PAHs in beverage samples.

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利用 D-μ-SPE 和液相色谱分析痕量测定饮料中的菲和芴

报告采用分散微固相萃取（D-μ-SPE）方法，在高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器（HPLC-DAD）检测之前，对饮料样品中的特定多环芳烃（PAHs）进行萃取和预富集。选定的多环芳烃芴（FLU）和菲（PHE）为目标分析物。采用响应面方法（RSM）和箱盒-箱盒-贝肯设计（BBD）进行了实验设计，以评估吸附剂质量、样品体积和萃取时间这三个重要参数的交互影响。在最佳条件下，该方法在 0.5 - 5.0 mg L-1 的浓度范围内线性关系良好（R2 = 0.9995 - 0.9998）。检出限（LOD）在 0.03 - 0.24 mg L-1 之间，相对回收率（81 - 99 %）令人满意，相对标准偏差（RSD）小于 3.80 %（n = 3）。该方法成功地应用于茶、咖啡和牛奶样品的检测，证明是一种简单、快速、可靠且萃取效率高的检测饮料样品中多环芳烃的方法。

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来源期刊

ASM Science Journal Multidisciplinary-Multidisciplinary

CiteScore

0.60

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0.00%

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期刊介绍： The ASM Science Journal publishes advancements in the broad fields of medical, engineering, earth, mathematical, physical, chemical and agricultural sciences as well as ICT. Scientific articles published will be on the basis of originality, importance and significant contribution to science, scientific research and the public. Scientific articles published will be on the basis of originality, importance and significant contribution to science, scientific research and the public. Scientists who subscribe to the fields listed above will be the source of papers to the journal. All articles will be reviewed by at least two experts in that particular field.