Sleep health inequities in vulnerable populations: Beyond sleep deserts

Q1 Medicine
Zeina Al-Khalil , Hrayr Attarian , Galit Levi Dunietz , Ronald Gavidia Romero , Kristen Knutson , Dayna A. Johnson
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Abstract

Despite the importance of sleep to overall health and well-being, there is a high prevalence of undiagnosed sleep disorders and adverse sleep health, particularly among vulnerable populations. Such vulnerable populations include people experiencing homelessness (PEH), refugees, and incarcerated individuals. In this narrative review, we provide an overview of the literature on sleep health and disorders among key and vulnerable populations (e.g., PEH, refugees, and incarcerated individuals). The limited research among these populations indicated a high prevalence of sleep disorders, mainly insomnia, short sleep duration, and fatigue. Substance abuse and PTSD were commonly found among PEH and refugee populations, respectively, which were was related to poor sleep. Similar across the included vulnerable populations, the individuals reside in environments/facilities with inopportune light exposure, noise disruption, inadequate bedding, and forced sleep schedules. Studies also found a high prevalence of psychosocial stress and reports of threats to safety, which were associated with poor sleep health outcomes. Additionally, several studies reported environmental barriers to adherence to sleep disorder treatment. This paper highlighted the conditions in which these vulnerable populations reside, which may inform interventions within these various facilities (homeless shelters, refugee camps, prisons/jails). The improvement of these facilities with a sleep equity focus may in turn improve quality of life and daily functioning.

弱势人群的睡眠健康不平等:超越睡眠沙漠
尽管睡眠对整体健康和幸福非常重要,但未确诊的睡眠障碍和不良睡眠健康的发生率却很高,尤其是在弱势群体中。这些弱势群体包括无家可归者(PEH)、难民和被监禁者。在这篇叙述性综述中,我们概述了有关主要弱势群体(如无家可归者、难民和被监禁者)睡眠健康和睡眠障碍的文献。在这些人群中进行的有限研究表明,睡眠障碍的发病率很高,主要是失眠、睡眠时间短和疲劳。在 PEH 和难民人群中,药物滥用和创伤后应激障碍分别很常见,这与睡眠质量差有关。与其他弱势人群类似,这些人居住的环境/设施也存在光照不当、噪音干扰、床上用品不足以及强制睡眠时间等问题。研究还发现,社会心理压力和安全威胁报告的发生率很高,这与睡眠健康状况不良有关。此外,一些研究报告称,环境因素阻碍了患者坚持睡眠障碍治疗。本文强调了这些弱势人群的居住条件,为在这些不同设施(无家可归者收容所、难民营、监狱)内采取干预措施提供了参考。以睡眠公平为重点改善这些设施,反过来又可以提高生活质量和日常功能。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Sleep Medicine: X
Sleep Medicine: X Medicine-Medicine (all)
CiteScore
4.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
17
审稿时长
25 weeks
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