Nutritional status and dietary characteristics of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus at National hospital of Endocrinology in 2023

Huong Giang Nguyen, Thi Ha Thu Nguyen, Trong Tuan Hoang, Thu Trang Le
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Abstract

Objective: To describe the nutritional status and dietary characteristics of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus at the National Hospital of Endocrinology in 2023. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study combined with a retrospective review of 185 pregnant women was conducted from March to August 2023. Results: Women aged 30-34 years accounted for the highest proportion at 38.4%. Before pregnancy, the rates of overweight, obesity, and normal weight were 21.1%, 13%, and 61.6%, respectively. During pregnancy, the average weight gain was 0.55 ± 0.3 kg/week, with 53% of women gaining excess weight. The average total energy intake was 1427.2 ± 319 kcal/day, with an average Protein : Lipid : Glucid ratio of 21.2 : 27.5 : 51.2%. The average values for some nutrients were as follow: fiber 10.9 ± 5.3 g, calcium 722.2 ± 307.7 mg, iron 13.2 ± 7.8 mg, vitamin D 1.58 ± 2.05 µg, folate 296.71 ± 136.91 µg, vitamin C 149.64 ± 78.27 mg, vitamin B1 1.39 ± 0.45 mg. Conclusion: The prevalence of overweight and obesity before pregnancy among women with gestational diabetes mellitus was relatively high, and the rate of weight gain during pregnancy was not reasonable. In addition, the dietary intake was unbalanced and failed to meet recommended requirements.
2023 年国立内分泌医院妊娠糖尿病孕妇的营养状况和饮食特点
目的:描述 2023 年国立内分泌医院妊娠糖尿病孕妇的营养状况和饮食特点:描述2023年国立内分泌医院妊娠糖尿病孕妇的营养状况和饮食特点:方法:在2023年3月至8月期间对185名孕妇进行了横断面描述性研究和回顾性研究:结果:30-34 岁的女性所占比例最高,为 38.4%。怀孕前,超重率、肥胖率和正常体重率分别为 21.1%、13% 和 61.6%。怀孕期间,体重平均每周增加 0.55 ± 0.3 千克,其中 53% 的妇女体重超标。平均总能量摄入量为 1427.2 ± 319 千卡/天,平均蛋白质 :脂质 : 葡萄糖的平均比例为 21.2 : 27.5 : 51.2%。一些营养素的平均值如下:纤维 10.9 ± 5.3 克、钙 722.2 ± 307.7 毫克、铁 13.2 ± 7.8 毫克、维生素 D 1.58 ± 2.05 微克、叶酸 296.71 ± 136.91 微克、维生素 C 149.64 ± 78.27 毫克、维生素 B1 1.39 ± 0.45 毫克:结论:在妊娠糖尿病妇女中,孕前超重和肥胖的发生率相对较高,孕期体重增加率不合理。此外,膳食摄入量也不均衡,没有达到建议的要求。
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