Monitoring oral microbiota-virus associations as biomarkers of immune resistance

A. M. Samoukina, V. Chervinets
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Abstract

Relevance. The oral microbiota, including its interactions with viruses, plays a crucial role in an individual's immune system. Investigating these microbiota-virus associations as biomarkers for personalized health assessments through advanced laboratory testing is an emerging research field.Materials and methods. This study conducted an extensive clinical laboratory examination of the oral microbiota-virus associations across various biotopes of the digestive tract in 417 participants across different health and age categories: namely, generally healthy children and adolescents in health groups I and II (n = 253, with 456 microbiota-virus associations from 127 individuals); health group III (n = 229, with 436 microbiota-virus associations from 225 individuals); and preterm infants classified by degree of low birth weight (n = 271, with 398 microbiota-virus associations from 55 individuals).Results. Our findings showed a decrease in indigenous microbiota by 9.7% and an increase in potentially pathogenic microbiota by 19.8% across age groups (p ≤ 0.05). There was also a 5.8-fold increase in the viral components, notably Epstein-Barr virus and HHV-6, in the oral cavities of generally healthy children in health groups I and II. In health group III children, there was a notable increase in opportunistic pathogens and the detection of cytomegalovirus DNA (38.1%, p ≤ 0.05). Furthermore, the predominance of Staphylococcus species in the opportunistic pathogenic microbiota, which correlates with low birth weight, was identified as a prognostic indicator of poor microecological conditions and decreased immune resistance in preterm infants undergoing prolonged hospital care, with detection rates of 19% in extremely low birth weight and 4% in low birth weight groups (p ≤ 0.05).Conclusion. Evaluating immune resistance in children of various health statuses and age groups through the analysis of oral microbiota-virus associations is advisable for outpatient healthcare settings. This assessment can guide the provision of comprehensive physical exams for children and adolescents and the formulation of personalized treatment plans based on identified risk groups.
监测口腔微生物群与病毒的关联,将其作为免疫抵抗力的生物标志物
相关性。口腔微生物群,包括其与病毒的相互作用,在个人免疫系统中发挥着至关重要的作用。通过先进的实验室检测将这些微生物群与病毒的关联作为个性化健康评估的生物标志物进行研究是一个新兴的研究领域。本研究对 417 名不同健康状况和年龄段的参与者进行了广泛的口腔微生物群-病毒关联临床实验室检查,这些参与者包括:健康组 I 和健康组 II 中一般健康的儿童和青少年(n = 253,127 人中有 456 个微生物群-病毒关联);健康组 III(n = 229,225 人中有 436 个微生物群-病毒关联);以及按出生体重过轻程度分类的早产儿(n = 271,55 人中有 398 个微生物群-病毒关联)。我们的研究结果表明,不同年龄组的本地微生物群减少了 9.7%,潜在致病微生物群增加了 19.8%(p ≤ 0.05)。健康组 I 和健康组 II 一般健康儿童口腔中的病毒成分,特别是 Epstein-Barr 病毒和 HHV-6 也增加了 5.8 倍。在健康组 III 的儿童中,机会性病原体和巨细胞病毒 DNA 的检出率明显增加(38.1%,p ≤ 0.05)。此外,葡萄球菌在机会致病微生物群中占主导地位,这与低出生体重有关,被认为是接受长期住院治疗的早产儿微生态条件差和免疫抵抗力下降的预后指标,在极低出生体重组和低出生体重组中的检出率分别为19%和4%(P≤0.05)。通过分析口腔微生物群与病毒的关系来评估不同健康状况和年龄组儿童的免疫抵抗力,是门诊医疗机构的明智之举。这种评估可以指导为儿童和青少年提供全面体检,并根据已确定的风险群体制定个性化治疗方案。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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