Renewable Methacrylate Resins for 3D Printing Containing Dynamic Hydroxyester Linkages for Reprocessability

IF 4.2 3区 材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Kylian Janssen, Geraldine H.M. Schnelting, Mirte Waterink, Jarno Guit, Jerzy Hul, Chongnan Ye, Katja Loos, Vincent S.D. Voet
{"title":"Renewable Methacrylate Resins for 3D Printing Containing Dynamic Hydroxyester Linkages for Reprocessability","authors":"Kylian Janssen,&nbsp;Geraldine H.M. Schnelting,&nbsp;Mirte Waterink,&nbsp;Jarno Guit,&nbsp;Jerzy Hul,&nbsp;Chongnan Ye,&nbsp;Katja Loos,&nbsp;Vincent S.D. Voet","doi":"10.1002/mame.202400036","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>To facilitate the ongoing transition toward a circular economy, renewable 3D print materials that are both sustainable and competitive must be accessible. However, the growing demand for bio-based thermosetting resins, which are used as ink for vat photopolymerization, gives rise to environmental concerns in terms of plastic waste management. Therefore, photocurable materials that are renewable and recyclable at the same time are needed. In this work, a mechanically robust and reprocessable 3D printed photopolymer is developed from renewable feedstock. Reaction of malic acid with glycidyl methacrylate introduces both methacrylate moieties that can undergo photopolymerization in the 3D printer, and β-hydroxyester linkages that can act as dynamic crosslinks via bond exchange reactions. By combining modified malic acid with reactive diluents, a photoinitiator, and phosphate catalyst, three distinct resins are formulated, resulting in bio-based contents ranging from 43% to 49%. The formulations demonstrate good layer fusion and accurate print quality, while the 3D printed specimens are robust and thermally stable. Notably, the printed object with shortest relaxation time displayed Arrhenius flow behavior with an activation energy of 36.0 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>, and its mechanical performance is maintained after being recycled three times. This contributes to the end-of-life perspective of photocurable resins in additive manufacturing.</p>","PeriodicalId":18151,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecular Materials and Engineering","volume":"309 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mame.202400036","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Macromolecular Materials and Engineering","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/mame.202400036","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

To facilitate the ongoing transition toward a circular economy, renewable 3D print materials that are both sustainable and competitive must be accessible. However, the growing demand for bio-based thermosetting resins, which are used as ink for vat photopolymerization, gives rise to environmental concerns in terms of plastic waste management. Therefore, photocurable materials that are renewable and recyclable at the same time are needed. In this work, a mechanically robust and reprocessable 3D printed photopolymer is developed from renewable feedstock. Reaction of malic acid with glycidyl methacrylate introduces both methacrylate moieties that can undergo photopolymerization in the 3D printer, and β-hydroxyester linkages that can act as dynamic crosslinks via bond exchange reactions. By combining modified malic acid with reactive diluents, a photoinitiator, and phosphate catalyst, three distinct resins are formulated, resulting in bio-based contents ranging from 43% to 49%. The formulations demonstrate good layer fusion and accurate print quality, while the 3D printed specimens are robust and thermally stable. Notably, the printed object with shortest relaxation time displayed Arrhenius flow behavior with an activation energy of 36.0 kJ mol−1, and its mechanical performance is maintained after being recycled three times. This contributes to the end-of-life perspective of photocurable resins in additive manufacturing.

Abstract Image

Abstract Image

用于 3D 打印的可再生甲基丙烯酸酯树脂,含有可再加工的动态羟基聚酯链节
为了促进向循环经济的不断过渡,必须能够获得既可持续又有竞争力的可再生 3D 打印材料。然而,由于对生物基热固性树脂的需求不断增长,这种树脂被用作大桶光聚合的墨水,从而引发了塑料废物管理方面的环境问题。因此,需要同时具有可再生性和可回收性的光固化材料。在这项工作中,利用可再生原料开发出了一种机械坚固且可再加工的 3D 打印光聚合物。苹果酸与甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯的反应既引入了可在 3D 打印机中进行光聚合的甲基丙烯酸酯分子,又引入了可通过键交换反应作为动态交联的β-羟基聚酯连接。通过将改性苹果酸与活性稀释剂、光引发剂和磷酸盐催化剂相结合,配制出三种不同的树脂,生物基含量从 43% 到 49% 不等。这些配方显示出良好的层融合性和精确的打印质量,同时三维打印的试样坚固耐用、热稳定性好。值得注意的是,弛豫时间最短的打印物体显示出活化能为 36.0 kJ mol-1 的阿伦尼乌斯流动行为,其机械性能在循环使用三次后仍能保持。这有助于从报废角度看待增材制造中的光固化树脂。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
Macromolecular Materials and Engineering
Macromolecular Materials and Engineering 工程技术-材料科学:综合
CiteScore
7.30
自引率
5.10%
发文量
328
审稿时长
1.6 months
期刊介绍: Macromolecular Materials and Engineering is the high-quality polymer science journal dedicated to the design, modification, characterization, processing and application of advanced polymeric materials, including membranes, sensors, sustainability, composites, fibers, foams, 3D printing, actuators as well as energy and electronic applications. Macromolecular Materials and Engineering is among the top journals publishing original research in polymer science. The journal presents strictly peer-reviewed Research Articles, Reviews, Perspectives and Comments. ISSN: 1438-7492 (print). 1439-2054 (online). Readership:Polymer scientists, chemists, physicists, materials scientists, engineers Abstracting and Indexing Information: CAS: Chemical Abstracts Service (ACS) CCR Database (Clarivate Analytics) Chemical Abstracts Service/SciFinder (ACS) Chemistry Server Reaction Center (Clarivate Analytics) ChemWeb (ChemIndustry.com) Chimica Database (Elsevier) COMPENDEX (Elsevier) Current Contents: Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences (Clarivate Analytics) Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) INSPEC (IET) Journal Citation Reports/Science Edition (Clarivate Analytics) Materials Science & Engineering Database (ProQuest) PASCAL Database (INIST/CNRS) Polymer Library (iSmithers RAPRA) Reaction Citation Index (Clarivate Analytics) Science Citation Index (Clarivate Analytics) Science Citation Index Expanded (Clarivate Analytics) SciTech Premium Collection (ProQuest) SCOPUS (Elsevier) Technology Collection (ProQuest) Web of Science (Clarivate Analytics)
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信