Chemometric-assisted eMIP-modified screen-printed sensor for robust herbicide MCPA determination

IF 6.5 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Sensors and Actuators Reports Pub Date : 2024-04-02 DOI:10.1016/j.snr.2024.100193

Camilla Zanoni , Raffaela Biesuz , Lisa Rita Magnaghi , Giancarla Alberti

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Abstract

The paper describes the development and application of a screen-printed electrode cell with a graphite-ink working electrode modified by a molecularly imprinted electropolymerized polypyrrole for the voltammetric determination of the herbicide 4‑chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid (MCPA). The method exploits the direct measurement of the analyte by applying the differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) technique, taking advantage of the irreversible oxidation peak at about +1.0 V vs. Ag/AgCl pseudo reference electrode. The presence of the molecularly imprinted polypyrrole enhances the sensor's selectivity and sensitivity. A chemometric approach has been crucial for quantitative analysis because of the peak's broad and not well-defined shape. Firstly, a proper pretreatment of the voltammetric signals is identified, proving the most effective is the first-derivative function transformation of the signal. The Partial Least Square regression (PLS) is the tool applied for MCPA quantification. A preliminary PLS model has been developed and validated in dihydrogen phosphate solution at pH 5.5, aiming to optimize the data treatment approach. Then, the same approach is used to develop a PLS model analyzing tap water samples fortified with MCPA and other pesticides as possible interferents to simulate contaminated natural waters. The model correctly predicted the analyte concentration in the range of 2.5–75 μM, assuring the reliability and robustness of the sensor for the possible quantification of MCPA in wastewater samples.

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化学计量学辅助的 eMIP 改性丝网印刷传感器用于可靠测定除草剂 MCPA

本文介绍了丝网印刷电极池的开发和应用，该电极池的工作电极是由分子印迹电聚合聚吡咯修饰的石墨墨水，用于伏安法测定除草剂 4-氯-2-甲基苯氧乙酸（MCPA）。该方法采用差分脉冲伏安法（DPV）技术，利用与 Ag/AgCl 伪参比电极相对的约 +1.0 V 的不可逆氧化峰，直接测量被分析物。分子印迹聚吡咯的存在提高了传感器的选择性和灵敏度。由于峰值较宽且形状不明确，因此采用化学计量学方法进行定量分析至关重要。首先，对伏安信号进行适当的预处理，证明最有效的方法是对信号进行一阶衍生函数变换。偏最小二乘法回归（PLS）是用于 MCPA 定量的工具。在 pH 值为 5.5 的磷酸二氢钾溶液中建立并验证了初步的 PLS 模型，旨在优化数据处理方法。然后，使用同样的方法建立了一个 PLS 模型，分析添加了 MCPA 和其他农药作为可能干扰物的自来水样品，以模拟受污染的自然水体。该模型正确预测了 2.5-75 μM 范围内的分析物浓度，确保了传感器的可靠性和鲁棒性，可用于废水样品中 MCPA 的定量分析。

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来源期刊

Sensors and Actuators Reports Multiple-

CiteScore

9.60

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

49 days

期刊介绍： Sensors and Actuators Reports is a peer-reviewed open access journal launched out from the Sensors and Actuators journal family. Sensors and Actuators Reports is dedicated to publishing new and original works in the field of all type of sensors and actuators, including bio-, chemical-, physical-, and nano- sensors and actuators, which demonstrates significant progress beyond the current state of the art. The journal regularly publishes original research papers, reviews, and short communications. For research papers and short communications, the journal aims to publish the new and original work supported by experimental results and as such purely theoretical works are not accepted.