A whole ecosystem approach to pear psyllid (Cacopsylla pyri) management in a changing climate

IF 4.3 1区 农林科学 Q1 ENTOMOLOGY
Laura A. Reeves, Michael P. D. Garratt, Michelle T. Fountain, Deepa Senapathi
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Abstract

Whole ecosystem-based approaches are becoming increasingly common in pest management within agricultural systems. These strategies consider all trophic levels and abiotic processes within an ecosystem, including interactions between different factors. This review outlines a whole ecosystem approach to the integrated pest management of pear psyllid (Cacopsylla pyri Linnaeus) within pear (Pyrus communis L.) orchards, focusing on potential disruptions as a result of climate change. Pear psyllid is estimated to cost the UK pear industry £5 million per annum and has a significant economic impact on pear production globally. Pesticide resistance is well documented in psyllids, leading to many growers to rely on biological control using natural enemies during the summer months. In addition, multiple insecticides commonly used in pear psyllid control have been withdrawn from the UK and Europe, emphasising the need for alternative control methods. There is growing concern that climate change could alter trophic interactions and phenological events within agroecosystems. For example, warmer temperatures could lead to earlier pear flowering and pest emergence, as well as faster insect development rates and altered activity levels. If climate change impacts pear psyllid differently to natural enemies, then trophic mismatches could occur, impacting pest populations. This review aims to evaluate current strategies used in C. pyri management, discuss trophic interactions within this agroecosystem and highlight potential changes in the top-down and bottom-up control of C. pyri as a result of climate change. This review provides a recommended approach to pear psyllid management, identifies evidence gaps and outlines areas of future research.

在不断变化的气候中管理梨木虱(Cacopsylla pyri)的全生态系统方法
基于整个生态系统的方法在农业系统的害虫管理中越来越常见。这些策略考虑了生态系统中的所有营养级和非生物过程,包括不同因素之间的相互作用。本综述概述了在梨园中对梨木虱(Cacopsylla pyri Linnaeus)进行虫害综合防治的全生态系统方法,重点关注气候变化可能造成的破坏。据估计,梨木虱每年给英国梨产业造成 500 万英镑的损失,并对全球梨生产造成重大经济影响。梨木虱对杀虫剂的抗药性有据可查,导致许多种植者在夏季依靠天敌进行生物防治。此外,多种常用于梨木虱防治的杀虫剂已从英国和欧洲撤出,这凸显了替代防治方法的必要性。人们越来越担心气候变化会改变农业生态系统中的营养相互作用和物候变化。例如,气温升高可能导致梨树提前开花和害虫出现,以及昆虫发育速度加快和活动水平改变。如果气候变化对梨木虱和天敌的影响不同,则可能出现营养失配,影响害虫种群。本综述旨在评估当前管理梨木虱的策略,讨论该农业生态系统中的营养交互作用,并强调气候变化对梨木虱自上而下和自下而上控制的潜在变化。本综述提出了梨木虱管理的建议方法,确定了证据差距,并概述了未来的研究领域。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Journal of Pest Science
Journal of Pest Science 生物-昆虫学
CiteScore
10.40
自引率
8.30%
发文量
114
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Pest Science publishes high-quality papers on all aspects of pest science in agriculture, horticulture (including viticulture), forestry, urban pests, and stored products research, including health and safety issues. Journal of Pest Science reports on advances in control of pests and animal vectors of diseases, the biology, ethology and ecology of pests and their antagonists, and the use of other beneficial organisms in pest control. The journal covers all noxious or damaging groups of animals, including arthropods, nematodes, molluscs, and vertebrates. Journal of Pest Science devotes special attention to emerging and innovative pest control strategies, including the side effects of such approaches on non-target organisms, for example natural enemies and pollinators, and the implementation of these strategies in integrated pest management. Journal of Pest Science also publishes papers on the management of agro- and forest ecosystems where this is relevant to pest control. Papers on important methodological developments relevant for pest control will be considered as well.
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