Vasileios Karavias;Catherine White;Andrew Lord;Michael C. Payne
{"title":"Optimizing satellite and core networks for a global quantum network","authors":"Vasileios Karavias;Catherine White;Andrew Lord;Michael C. Payne","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.516271","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Quantum key distribution (QKD) promises information theoretic security. However, the exponential decay of the secure key in optical fibers leads to limitations in long distance QKD distribution across fibers, which is necessary for global quantum networks (QNs). Satellite QKD can be used to generate keys over long distances bypassing fiber limitations and is thus a promising approach for global QNs. In this paper, we construct mixed integer linear program (MILP) models to investigate how to best connect the core fiber network to ground stations to minimize the overall network cost. We design one MILP that can provide a quantitative value for the number of satellites needed for a given configuration and another one to optimize the allocation of the core network nodes to ground stations to minimize the overall network cost. We use these models to investigate different strategies to allocate satellites to ground stations during a satellite overpass, showing that allocating satellites based on the expected transmission requirements can reduce the number of satellites needed in a network by up to 40% compared to randomly allocating the satellites to ground stations. Furthermore, we use these models to investigate securing the data center traffic in two networks, one local European network and one global network, and show that costs in the optimal configuration can be up to 40% cheaper than simply connecting core network sites to their geographically closest ground station.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10487637","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","FirstCategoryId":"94","ListUrlMain":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10487637/","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"COMPUTER SCIENCE, HARDWARE & ARCHITECTURE","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Quantum key distribution (QKD) promises information theoretic security. However, the exponential decay of the secure key in optical fibers leads to limitations in long distance QKD distribution across fibers, which is necessary for global quantum networks (QNs). Satellite QKD can be used to generate keys over long distances bypassing fiber limitations and is thus a promising approach for global QNs. In this paper, we construct mixed integer linear program (MILP) models to investigate how to best connect the core fiber network to ground stations to minimize the overall network cost. We design one MILP that can provide a quantitative value for the number of satellites needed for a given configuration and another one to optimize the allocation of the core network nodes to ground stations to minimize the overall network cost. We use these models to investigate different strategies to allocate satellites to ground stations during a satellite overpass, showing that allocating satellites based on the expected transmission requirements can reduce the number of satellites needed in a network by up to 40% compared to randomly allocating the satellites to ground stations. Furthermore, we use these models to investigate securing the data center traffic in two networks, one local European network and one global network, and show that costs in the optimal configuration can be up to 40% cheaper than simply connecting core network sites to their geographically closest ground station.
期刊介绍:
The scope of the Journal includes advances in the state-of-the-art of optical networking science, technology, and engineering. Both theoretical contributions (including new techniques, concepts, analyses, and economic studies) and practical contributions (including optical networking experiments, prototypes, and new applications) are encouraged. Subareas of interest include the architecture and design of optical networks, optical network survivability and security, software-defined optical networking, elastic optical networks, data and control plane advances, network management related innovation, and optical access networks. Enabling technologies and their applications are suitable topics only if the results are shown to directly impact optical networking beyond simple point-to-point networks.