When a Chorangioma Becomes a Burden in Fetal Survival: A Reported Case with an Updated Literature Review.

Abstract

Chorangioma is a rare non-trophoblastic benign vascular neoplasm originating from the primitive chorionic mesenchyme. Usually asymptomatic, it affects approximately 1% of female fetuses. We present the case of a giant placental chorangioma (GPC) in a preterm male pregnancy coexisting with a maternal neuroendocrine carcinoma. A 30-week primigravida was admitted to the Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic of the Targu-Mures Emergency Clinical Hospital, with abdominal discomfort, and an emergency C-section was performed for fetal congestive heart failure. Medical history revealed an advanced-stage rectal neuroendocrine carcinoma. At 20th gestational week, a well-vascularized placental mass was diagnosed. A 1500g premature male fetus was delivered. Histopathologically, the placental mass revealed an unencapsulated but well-circumscribed tumor with lobular architecture composed of congested vascular capillaries and thin-walled vessels. Diagnosis of giant placental chorangioma (GPC) was rendered. GPC is a challenging condition typically occurring in hypertensive or diabetic primigravidas with female fetuses. Antenatal management is suggested at an early stage for a desirable perinatal outcome.