Age-Differential Role of Gaze Reinstatement in Recognition Memory for Negative Visual Stimuli.

IF 4.8 2区医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

Journals of Gerontology Series B-Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI:10.1093/geronb/gbae047

Jinli Xiong, Xianmin Gong, Quan Yang, Shufei Yin

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives: Although research has shown that the replay of encoding-specific gaze patterns during retrieval, known as gaze reinstatement, facilitates memory retrieval, little is known about whether it differentially associates with the negativity preference in memory (defined as enhanced memory for negative stimuli relative to neutral stimuli in this study) among younger and older adults. The present study aims to address this research gap.

Methods: A total of 33 older adults (16 women; aged 58-69 years, M = 63.48, SD = 2.98) and 36 younger adults (10 women; aged 18-26 years, M = 20.39, SD = 1.57) completed a remember/know recognition memory task involving negative and neutral pictures. Their eye movements were tracked during both the memory encoding and retrieval phases.

Results: Younger and older adults had better memory for negative than neutral pictures. Older adults exhibited significantly stronger gaze reinstatement for negative than neutral stimuli, while this difference was nonsignificant in younger adults. Moreover, gaze reinstatement is positively linked to memory performance in both age groups.

Discussion: The results suggest that gaze reinstatement may play age-differential roles in the negativity preference of memory. Negative valence may enhance gaze reinstatement, which improves subsequent recognition memory, particularly among older adults. The finding contributes to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the negative preference for memory in different age groups.

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凝视再认在负性视觉刺激识别记忆中的年龄差异作用

研究目的虽然研究表明，在检索过程中重放编码特异性注视模式（即注视恢复）有助于记忆检索，但人们对年轻成人和老年人的注视恢复是否与记忆中的否定偏好（在本研究中定义为相对于中性刺激而言对负面刺激的记忆增强）有不同的关联却知之甚少。本研究旨在填补这一研究空白：33名老年人（16名女性；58-69岁，中位数=63.48，标准差=2.98）和36名年轻人（10名女性；18-26岁，中位数=20.39，标准差=1.57）完成了一项涉及负面和中性图片的记住/知道（R/K）识别记忆任务。在记忆编码和检索阶段都对他们的眼动进行了跟踪：结果：年轻人和老年人对负面图片的记忆效果都好于中性图片。老年人对负面刺激的注视恢复明显强于中性刺激，而年轻人的这种差异并不明显。此外，凝视恢复与两个年龄组的记忆表现都呈正相关：讨论：研究结果表明，注视恢复可能在记忆的消极偏好中发挥不同年龄的作用。消极情绪可能会增强注视恢复，从而改善随后的识别记忆，尤其是在老年人中。这一发现有助于更好地理解不同年龄组的记忆负偏好机制。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journals of Gerontology Series B-Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences 医学-老年医学

CiteScore

11.60

自引率

8.10%

发文量

178

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： The Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences publishes articles on development in adulthood and old age that advance the psychological science of aging processes and outcomes. Articles have clear implications for theoretical or methodological innovation in the psychology of aging or contribute significantly to the empirical understanding of psychological processes and aging. Areas of interest include, but are not limited to, attitudes, clinical applications, cognition, education, emotion, health, human factors, interpersonal relations, neuropsychology, perception, personality, physiological psychology, social psychology, and sensation.