How the Doctrine of Double Effect Rhetoric Harms Patients Seeking Voluntary Assisted Dying.

IF 1.8 3区 哲学 Q2 ETHICS
E Kendal
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Victoria's Voluntary Assisted Dying Act 2017 (Vic) became the first state law to permit VAD in Australia under limited circumstances from June 2019. Before this, many palliative care physicians relied on the doctrine of double effect (DDE) to justify the use of pain relievers for terminally ill patients that were known to hasten death. The DDE claims that there is a morally significant difference between intending evil and merely foreseeing some bad side-effect will occur as a result of one's actions. This article argues that the legacy of the DDE is promoting inequitable access to VAD in Victoria due to the assumption that death represents an "evil" for the patient and that the intentions of physicians providing VAD cannot be trusted. The latter claim relies on two common objections to the DDE: the risk of "purifying the intentions" and the issue of "closeness" when evaluating moral acts under this theory.

双重效果理论如何伤害寻求自愿辅助死亡的患者?
维多利亚州的《2017 年自愿协助死亡法案》(Voluntary Assisted Dying Act 2017)成为澳大利亚第一部允许从 2019 年 6 月起在有限情况下进行自愿协助死亡的州法律。在此之前,许多姑息治疗医生依靠双重效应学说(DDE)来证明对绝症患者使用已知会加速死亡的止痛药是合理的。双重效应学说声称,蓄意作恶与仅仅预见到自己的行为会产生某种不良副作用之间存在着道德上的重大差异。本文认为,由于假定死亡对病人来说是一种 "恶",以及提供 VAD 的医生的意图不可信,DDE 的遗产正在维多利亚州促进不公平地使用 VAD。后一种说法依据的是对 "DDE "的两种常见反对意见:"纯化意图 "的风险以及根据该理论评估道德行为时的 "亲疏 "问题。
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来源期刊
Journal of Bioethical Inquiry
Journal of Bioethical Inquiry 医学-医学:伦理
CiteScore
5.20
自引率
8.30%
发文量
67
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The JBI welcomes both reports of empirical research and articles that increase theoretical understanding of medicine and health care, the health professions and the biological sciences. The JBI is also open to critical reflections on medicine and conventional bioethics, the nature of health, illness and disability, the sources of ethics, the nature of ethical communities, and possible implications of new developments in science and technology for social and cultural life and human identity. We welcome contributions from perspectives that are less commonly published in existing journals in the field and reports of empirical research studies using both qualitative and quantitative methodologies. The JBI accepts contributions from authors working in or across disciplines including – but not limited to – the following: -philosophy- bioethics- economics- social theory- law- public health and epidemiology- anthropology- psychology- feminism- gay and lesbian studies- linguistics and discourse analysis- cultural studies- disability studies- history- literature and literary studies- environmental sciences- theology and religious studies
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