N, P co-doped carbon quantum dot and ammonium polyphosphate as the synergistic flame retardant for epoxy resin

IF 3.8 4区工程技术 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology Pub Date : 2024-03-28 DOI:10.1002/vnl.22104

Song Wang, Yue Zhou, Weidong Wu, Jiayi Hong, Sanxi Li, Ailing Zhang

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Abstract

An N, P co-doped carbon quantum dot (NP-CQD) was prepared using citric acid as the carbon source and hexachlorotripolyphosphonitrile as the nitrogen and phosphorus source. The structure and morphology of NP-CQD were characterized. Subsequently, NP-CQD was blended with ammonium polyphosphate (APP) to come into being a synergistic phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardant system (SPFRS). The SPFRS was applied in epoxy resin (EP) to enhance the flame retardancy of EP. Thermal stability, flame retardancy, combustion behavior, and char residue morphology of the EP samples were determined by multiple testing methods such as thermogravimetric analysis, vertical burning (UL-94) and limiting oxygen index (LOI) tests, microscale combustion calorimetry test, and scanning electron microscopy. When the weight ratio of NP-CQD to APP was kept at 1:9 and 8% SPFRS was added to EP, the obtained flame-retardant EP (EP/CQD-APP_2:18) passed the UL-94 V-0 level and the LOI value of EP/CQD-APP_2:18 reached 33.2%. The MCC test showed that the heat release capacity (HRC) of EP/CQD-APP_2:18 was reduced by 48.7% compared with pure EP. Morphology observation on the char residue of EP/CQD-APP_2:18 after the UL-94 test indicated that the addition of SPFRS promoted the formation of the dense char residue layer to improve the flame retardancy of EP.

Highlight

An N, P co-doped carbon quantum dot (NP-CQD) was prepared and applied as a flame retardant.
NP-CQD and ammonium polyphosphate (APP) showed synergistic flame retardancy in epoxy resin.
The proper weight ratio of NP-CQD to APP was 1:9.

Abstract Image

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N、P 共掺杂碳量子点和聚磷酸铵作为环氧树脂的协同阻燃剂

以柠檬酸为碳源，六氯三聚磷腈为氮磷源，制备了氮磷共掺杂碳量子点（NP-CQD）。对 NP-CQD 的结构和形态进行了表征。随后，NP-CQD 与聚磷酸铵（APP）混合，形成了磷氮协同阻燃体系（SPFRS）。将 SPFRS 应用于环氧树脂（EP），可提高 EP 的阻燃性。通过热重分析、垂直燃烧（UL-94）和极限氧指数（LOI）测试、微尺度燃烧量热测试和扫描电子显微镜等多种测试方法测定了 EP 样品的热稳定性、阻燃性、燃烧行为和残炭形态。当 NP-CQD 与 APP 的重量比保持为 1:9 并在 EP 中添加 8% 的 SPFRS 时，得到的阻燃 EP（EP/CQD-APP2:18）通过了 UL-94 V-0 级测试，EP/CQD-APP2:18 的 LOI 值达到 33.2%。MCC 测试表明，与纯 EP 相比，EP/CQD-APP2:18 的放热能力（HRC）降低了 48.7%。对 UL-94 试验后 EP/CQD-APP2:18 炭渣的形态观察表明，SPFRS 的加入促进了致密炭渣层的形成，从而提高了 EP 的阻燃性。

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来源期刊

Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology 工程技术-材料科学：纺织

CiteScore

5.40

自引率

14.80%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology is a peer-reviewed technical publication for new work in the fields of polymer modifiers and additives, vinyl polymers and selected review papers. Over half of all papers in JVAT are based on technology of additives and modifiers for all classes of polymers: thermoset polymers and both condensation and addition thermoplastics. Papers on vinyl technology include PVC additives.