The Relationship Between Executive Functions, Self-Reflection, and Insight Across Adulthood.

IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q4 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY
Yasemin Sohtorik İlkmen, Ezgi Soncu Büyükişcan
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective: Research suggests that executive functions and metacognitive abilities, including self-reflection and insight, may share underlying mechanisms since both rely on top-down cognitive processes and require self-regulation. However, these relationships have not been thoroughly examined by empirical research. The current study investigated the relationship between insight, self-reflection, and executive functions cross-sectionally across different stages of aging.

Methods: Participants were 1284 (655 men and 629 women) cognitively healthy community dwellers with an age range of 18-89 years (M = 47.91, SD = 19.83). The sample was divided into three groups based on age, e.g., the young adults (18-34 years-old), the middle-aged adults (35-59 years-old), and older adults (60 years and older). Participants completed multiple executive function tasks (including trail making, verbal fluency, Stroop, digit span) and a self-report insight and self-reflection measure individually in face-to-face sessions.

Results: The results show that education, age, digit span forward, which is a measure of short-term memory and phonemic fluency were significant predictors of self-reported insight. Furthermore, insight, but not self-reflection, had significant positive correlations with short-term memory and phonemic fluency across three age groups.

Conclusions: Overall, the results indicate that performance on executive function measures and self-reported self-reflection and insight are relatively independent cognitive abilities.

成年期执行功能、自我反省和洞察力之间的关系。
目的:研究表明,执行功能和元认知能力(包括自我反省和洞察力)可能具有相同的内在机制,因为两者都依赖于自上而下的认知过程,并且都需要自我调节。然而,实证研究尚未对这些关系进行深入研究。本研究调查了洞察力、自我反思和执行功能在不同衰老阶段的横截面关系:参与者为 1284 名(655 名男性和 629 名女性)认知健康的社区居民,年龄范围为 18-89 岁(M = 47.91,SD = 19.83)。样本根据年龄分为三组,如青年组(18-34 岁)、中年组(35-59 岁)和老年组(60 岁及以上)。受试者在面对面的情况下单独完成多项执行功能任务(包括追踪、语言流畅性、Stroop、数字跨度)以及一项自我报告洞察力和自我反思测量:结果表明,教育程度、年龄、数字跨度(衡量短时记忆的一种方法)和语音流利度是自我报告洞察力的重要预测因素。此外,在三个年龄组中,洞察力与短时记忆和语音流畅度呈显著正相关,而与自我反思无关:总之,研究结果表明,执行功能测试成绩与自我报告的自我反思和洞察力是相对独立的认知能力。
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来源期刊
Experimental Aging Research
Experimental Aging Research 医学-老年医学
CiteScore
3.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
68
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Experimental Aging Research is a life span developmental and aging journal dealing with research on the aging process from a psychological and psychobiological perspective. It meets the need for a scholarly journal with refereed scientific papers dealing with age differences and age changes at any point in the adult life span. Areas of major focus include experimental psychology, neuropsychology, psychobiology, work research, ergonomics, and behavioral medicine. Original research, book reviews, monographs, and papers covering special topics are published.
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