Field monitoring of alluvium accumulation in the riverine floodplain of the Oka River, European Russia

IF 3.5 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
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Abstract

Sedimentation traps were used to assess the annual surface renewal dynamics of the low floodplain of the Oka River (a major tributary of the Volga River in central European Russia). Trap-mats and platforms made of crushed bricks were installed in positions near the meandering and relatively straight riverbed, in different sedimentation environments. Stationary research in 2014–2020 covered a section of the bottom of the Oka River valley with a length of more than 400 km along the main channel. The graphical-analytical processing of field data using Ferret's Triangles and sedimentation diagrams showed that transport and deposition of suspended sediment dominated in the accumulation of 87% of alluvium samples. The formation of ripples was not recorded, which was lithologically reflected in the horizontal layering of the new sediment. The determination of the granulometric composition of the removed sediment and their thickness on the traps showed the absence of statistically significant differences according to the Kruskal–Wallis test between the data samples from the trap-mats and trap-platforms. The reference to the daily calendar of synoptic mechanisms according to the classification of Dzerdzeevsky contributed to the identification of meteorological prerequisites for the variation of the hydrograph curve of the Oka River in its middle reaches. Prolonged floods caused by the premature arrival of spring lead to massive deposition of silt and clay particles even on sandbanks. On the other hand, short (15–35 d) March floods and abnormal high water in June, caused by Atlantic cyclone intrusions, can stabilize sand accumulation on the riverine floodplain. The thickest sediment layers on the traps were obtained in 2018 after a very cold March and a powerful April flood, and the overall distribution of alluvium thickness and its particle size distribution also depends on the morphology of the riverine relief. The siltation is caused by the accumulation of silts; the most finely dispersed sediment was deposited in those facies environments for which siltation was also characteristic in historical times.

对俄罗斯欧洲奥卡河沿河洪泛区冲积物堆积情况的实地监测
沉积捕集器用于评估奥卡河(俄罗斯中欧伏尔加河的一条主要支流)低洪泛区的地表年更新动态。在不同的沉积环境中,在蜿蜒和相对平直的河床附近安装了由碎砖制成的沉积捕集垫和平台。2014-2020 年的固定研究覆盖了奥卡河河谷底部的一段,沿主河道长度超过 400 公里。使用费雷三角形和沉积图对实地数据进行图形分析处理后发现,在 87% 的冲积物样本堆积过程中,悬浮沉积物的迁移和沉积占主导地位。没有记录到波纹的形成,这在岩性上反映在新沉积物的水平分层上。根据 Kruskal-Wallis 检验法,在诱捕垫和诱捕平台的数据样本之间没有明显的统计学差异。根据捷尔杰耶夫斯基的分类,参考同步机制的日历法有助于确定奥卡河中游水文曲线变化的气象先决条件。由于春季过早到来而造成的长时间洪水导致大量淤泥和粘土颗粒沉积,甚至沉积在沙洲上。另一方面,大西洋气旋侵袭造成的 3 月短洪水(15-35 天)和 6 月异常高水位可稳定河漫滩上的沙土堆积。2018 年,在非常寒冷的 3 月和强大的 4 月洪水之后,捕集器上获得了最厚的沉积层,冲积层厚度的总体分布及其颗粒大小分布也取决于河岸地形的形态。淤积是由淤泥堆积造成的;最细小分散的沉积物沉积在那些历史时期也具有淤积特征的面层环境中。
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来源期刊
International Journal of Sediment Research
International Journal of Sediment Research 环境科学-环境科学
CiteScore
6.90
自引率
5.60%
发文量
88
审稿时长
74 days
期刊介绍: International Journal of Sediment Research, the Official Journal of The International Research and Training Center on Erosion and Sedimentation and The World Association for Sedimentation and Erosion Research, publishes scientific and technical papers on all aspects of erosion and sedimentation interpreted in its widest sense. The subject matter is to include not only the mechanics of sediment transport and fluvial processes, but also what is related to geography, geomorphology, soil erosion, watershed management, sedimentology, environmental and ecological impacts of sedimentation, social and economical effects of sedimentation and its assessment, etc. Special attention is paid to engineering problems related to sedimentation and erosion.
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