Science as a calling and as a profession: The wider setting in Weber’s scholarly endeavor

IF 0.5 4区哲学 Q3 HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE

Endeavour Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI:10.1016/j.endeavour.2024.100914

H. Floris Cohen

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Abstract

In his 1917 lecture for Munich students (most often entitled in English translation “Science as a Vocation”), Max Weber addressed numerous issues: not only how “profession” and “calling” are related in science and scholarship, but also Entzauberung (“disenchantment”); rationality and its limits; ultimate values; and the field of tension between science and religion. The present essay locates these themes in Weber’s oeuvre from 1911 onward, and analyses how they resonate and culminate in Weber’s address in 1917. It is in 1911 that he decided to engage with the problem that was to stand central in his thinking until his death in 1920: the nature and causes of certain specific turns in the course of European history which, so he argued, have proven to be of “universal significance.” Special attention is given in the present essay to how Weber dealt in this connection with the rise of modern science and the rise of modern tonal harmony. A concluding section explains what, over a century later, makes reading Weber still so rewarding an experience.

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科学是一种使命，也是一种职业：韦伯学术研究的大背景

马克斯-韦伯（Max Weber）在 1917 年为慕尼黑学生所作的演讲（英译名多为 "Science as a Vocation"）中论述了诸多问题："职业 "与 "使命 "在科学与学术中的关系，以及 "迷失"（Entzauberung）、理性及其局限性、终极价值和科学与宗教之间的紧张关系。本文从韦伯 1911 年以来的作品中找到了这些主题，并分析了它们如何在韦伯 1917 年的演讲中产生共鸣并达到高潮。正是在 1911 年，韦伯决定着手解决他在 1920 年逝世之前的思想核心问题：欧洲历史进程中某些特定转折的性质和原因，他认为这些转折已被证明具有 "普遍意义"。本文特别关注韦伯如何处理现代科学的兴起和现代音调和谐的兴起。文章的结尾部分解释了一个多世纪过去了，阅读韦伯的文章为何仍然令人受益匪浅。

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来源期刊

Endeavour 综合性期刊-科学史与科学哲学

CiteScore

1.10

自引率

16.70%

发文量

审稿时长

49 days

期刊介绍： Endeavour, established in 1942, has, over its long and proud history, developed into one of the leading journals in the history and philosophy of science. Endeavour publishes high-quality articles on a wide array of scientific topics from ancient to modern, across all disciplines. It serves as a critical forum for the interdisciplinary exploration and evaluation of natural knowledge and its development throughout history. Each issue contains lavish color and black-and-white illustrations. This makes Endeavour an ideal destination for history and philosophy of science articles with a strong visual component. Endeavour presents the history and philosophy of science in a clear and accessible manner, ensuring the journal is a valuable tool for historians, philosophers, practicing scientists, and general readers. To enable it to have the broadest coverage possible, Endeavour features four types of articles: -Research articles are concise, fully referenced, and beautifully illustrated with high quality reproductions of the most important source material. -In Vivo articles will illustrate the rich and numerous connections between historical and philosophical scholarship and matters of current public interest, and provide rich, readable explanations of important current events from historical and philosophical perspectives. -Book Reviews and Commentaries provide a picture of the rapidly growing history of science discipline. Written by both established and emerging scholars, our reviews provide a vibrant overview of the latest publications and media in the history and philosophy of science. -Lost and Found Pieces are playful and creative short essays which focus on objects, theories, tools, and methods that have been significant to science but underappreciated by collective memory.