Dourna Memarvar, Shadi Yaqoubi, Hamed Hamishehkar, Matthew Lam, Ali Nokhodchi
{"title":"Impact of grinding balls on the size reduction of Aprepitant in wet ball milling procedure.","authors":"Dourna Memarvar, Shadi Yaqoubi, Hamed Hamishehkar, Matthew Lam, Ali Nokhodchi","doi":"10.1080/10837450.2024.2334754","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One of the widely used approaches for improving the dissolution of poorly water-soluble drugs is particle size reduction. Ball milling is a mechanical, top-down technique used to reduce particle size. The effect of ball number, ball size, and milling speed on the properties of milled Aprepitant is evaluated. A full factorial design was employed to investigate the influence of affecting factors on particle size reduction. The initial suspension was made by suspending the drug in distilled water using excipients followed by milling in a planetary ball mill. Ball size, ball number, and milling speed modulated particle size distribution of Aprepitant. Increasing the number of balls from minimum to maximum for each ball size led to approximately a 28% reduction in mean particle size, a 37% decrease in <i>D</i><sub>90%</sub>, and a 25% decrease in the ratio of volume mean particle diameter to numeric mean particle diameter. On average, using 10 mm balls instead of 30 mm balls reduced mean particle size by 1.689 µm. As a result, ball size, ball number, and milling speed are three effective factors in the process of ball milling. By increasing the ball number and decreasing the ball size, efficient micronization of drug particles takes place and the particle size is more uniform.</p>","PeriodicalId":20004,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Development and Technology","volume":" ","pages":"353-358"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Pharmaceutical Development and Technology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10837450.2024.2334754","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/4/8 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
One of the widely used approaches for improving the dissolution of poorly water-soluble drugs is particle size reduction. Ball milling is a mechanical, top-down technique used to reduce particle size. The effect of ball number, ball size, and milling speed on the properties of milled Aprepitant is evaluated. A full factorial design was employed to investigate the influence of affecting factors on particle size reduction. The initial suspension was made by suspending the drug in distilled water using excipients followed by milling in a planetary ball mill. Ball size, ball number, and milling speed modulated particle size distribution of Aprepitant. Increasing the number of balls from minimum to maximum for each ball size led to approximately a 28% reduction in mean particle size, a 37% decrease in D90%, and a 25% decrease in the ratio of volume mean particle diameter to numeric mean particle diameter. On average, using 10 mm balls instead of 30 mm balls reduced mean particle size by 1.689 µm. As a result, ball size, ball number, and milling speed are three effective factors in the process of ball milling. By increasing the ball number and decreasing the ball size, efficient micronization of drug particles takes place and the particle size is more uniform.
期刊介绍:
Pharmaceutical Development & Technology publishes research on the design, development, manufacture, and evaluation of conventional and novel drug delivery systems, emphasizing practical solutions and applications to theoretical and research-based problems. The journal aims to publish significant, innovative and original research to advance the frontiers of pharmaceutical development and technology.
Through original articles, reviews (where prior discussion with the EIC is encouraged), short reports, book reviews and technical notes, Pharmaceutical Development & Technology covers aspects such as:
-Preformulation and pharmaceutical formulation studies
-Pharmaceutical materials selection and characterization
-Pharmaceutical process development, engineering, scale-up and industrialisation, and process validation
-QbD in the form a risk assessment and DoE driven approaches
-Design of dosage forms and drug delivery systems
-Emerging pharmaceutical formulation and drug delivery technologies with a focus on personalised therapies
-Drug delivery systems research and quality improvement
-Pharmaceutical regulatory affairs
This journal will not consider for publication manuscripts focusing purely on clinical evaluations, botanicals, or animal models.