Preoperative fasting in children. The evolution of recommendations and guidelines, and the underlying evidence

IF 5.4 3区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

ACS Applied Energy Materials Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI:10.1016/j.bpa.2024.03.003

Peter Frykholm , Tom G. Hansen , Thomas Engelhardt

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This review discusses the evolution of preoperative fasting guidelines and examines the incidence of pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents and suggested treatments.

Nine guidelines developed by professional societies and published in peer-reviewed journals since 1994 were identified. The recommendations on preoperative fasting for various categories have undergone only small adaptations in the following three decades in pediatric anesthesia.

We found twelve published studies of the incidence of pulmonary aspiration, which ranges from 0.6 to 12 in 10,000 anesthetics in children. However, this variation reflects differences in the definition of aspiration as well as differences in study design. The main risk factors identified are emergency surgery, ASA physical status, and patient age. Several additional risk factors have been suggested, including non-compliance to fasting guidelines.

The duration of clear fluid fasting is not associated with an increased risk of pulmonary aspiration which may be reflected in future guideline updates in pediatric anesthesia.

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儿童术前禁食。建议和指南的演变及基本证据

本综述讨论了术前禁食指南的演变，并研究了胃内容物肺吸入的发生率和建议的治疗方法。在随后的三十年中，儿科麻醉对各类术前禁食的建议仅进行了小幅调整。我们发现了十二项已发表的关于肺吸入发生率的研究，儿童麻醉中的肺吸入发生率从万分之 0.6 到万分之 12 不等。然而，这种差异反映了吸入定义的不同以及研究设计的差异。已确定的主要风险因素包括急诊手术、ASA 身体状况和患者年龄。禁食透明液体的持续时间与肺吸入风险的增加无关，这可能会反映在未来儿科麻醉指南的更新中。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

ACS Applied Energy Materials Materials Science-Materials Chemistry

CiteScore

10.30

自引率

6.20%

发文量

1368

期刊介绍： ACS Applied Energy Materials is an interdisciplinary journal publishing original research covering all aspects of materials, engineering, chemistry, physics and biology relevant to energy conversion and storage. The journal is devoted to reports of new and original experimental and theoretical research of an applied nature that integrate knowledge in the areas of materials, engineering, physics, bioscience, and chemistry into important energy applications.