Prevalencia, caracterización y factores asociados en distonía craneocervical: un estudio de corte transversal

Abstract

Introduction

Craniocervical dystonia is a major cause of chronic pain, loss of quality of life and increased economic costs to health care systems.

Objectives

To determine the prevalence, characterize and define the factors associated with craniocervical dystonia in a center for movement disorders.

Methodology

Cross-sectional study that included patients with a diagnosis of craniocervical dystonia in the specialized clinic for movement disorders from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2021 at the Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery of Havana, Cuba.

Results

A total of 99 patients were included in the study and the prevalence was 15.23% in the movement disorders clinic. The median age was 66 years old (RIQ: 19) and 57.6% were female. The types of dystonia were distributed as follows: blepharospasm 48.48%, cervical dystonia 34.34%, multiple regions 9.09%, oromandibular dystonia 5.05% and spasmodic dysphonia 3.03%. The associated factors were: female sex OR: 2.521 [95% CI: 1.112-5.713] for blepharospasm, white race OR: 3.309 [95% CI: 1.146-9.558] and sensory trick OR: 9.960 [95% CI: 3.582-27.68] for cervical dystonia. Female sex OR: 0.075 [95% CI: 0.008-0.799], segmental onset form OR: 0.080 [95% CI: 0.008-0.799] and sensory trick OR: 0.081 [95% CI: 0.008-0.796] for oromandibular dystonia.

Conclusions

Craniocervical dystonia is frequent in clinics providing specialized care for patients with movement disorders, and the factors described were associated with specific types of dystonia.