Pathway to Power: Shifts in Electoral Support for the Australian Labor Party Between the 1966 and 1969 Federal Elections

IF 0.6 4区 社会学 Q1 HISTORY
Paul D. Williams
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Abstract

The House of Representatives election of 2 December, 1972, was a watershed in Australian political history. That election saw the Australian Labor Party terminate the Liberal–Country Party (LCP) Coalition's twenty-three-year hegemony and bring to office not only a different type of Labor government but a different prime ministerial style in leader Gough Whitlam. Yet, just six years before, Labor at the 1966 election had suffered a 4.30 per cent two-party preferred (2PP) swing and the loss of nine seats following Labor's lowest primary vote since 1934. Labor's dramatic reversal of fortunes in just six years therefore remains of enormous historical interest. But, given the 1972 election saw a modest 2.5 per cent 2PP swing to Labor, with the party seizing twelve seats from the Coalition and losing four back to the LCP, the 1969–72 triennium offers little insight into Labor's recovery. In that context, this article, via analyses of House of Representatives election results and public opinion poll data, explores the chronology, demography, and geography of Labor's electoral recovery to argue the 1966–69 triennium remains of far greater value when identifying exactly when, among whom, and where Labor began its pathway to power.

通往权力之路:1966 年至 1969 年联邦大选期间澳大利亚工党选举支持率的变化
1972 年 12 月 2 日的众议院选举是澳大利亚政治史上的分水岭。在这次选举中,澳大利亚工党结束了自由党-乡村党(LCP)联盟长达 23 年的霸权地位,不仅组建了一个不同类型的工党政府,而且领导人高夫-惠特拉姆(Gough Whitlam)也采用了不同的总理风格。然而,就在六年前的 1966 年大选中,工党的两党支持率仅为 4.30%,失去了九个席位,创下了工党自 1934 年以来的最低初选得票率。因此,工党在短短六年内命运的急剧逆转仍然具有巨大的历史意义。但是,鉴于 1972 年大选中工党仅获得 2.5% 的 2PP 选票,从联盟党手中夺得 12 个席位,但又失去 4 个席位,因此 1969-72 三年期对工党的复苏并无多大启示。在此背景下,本文通过对众议院选举结果和民意调查数据的分析,探讨了工党选举复苏的时间顺序、人口结构和地理位置,认为 1966-69 三年期在确定工党何时、何人以及在何地开始其执政之路方面仍具有重要价值。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.60
自引率
12.50%
发文量
59
期刊介绍: The Australian Journal of Politics and History presents papers addressing significant problems of general interest to those working in the fields of history, political studies and international affairs. Articles explore the politics and history of Australia and modern Europe, intellectual history, political history, and the history of political thought. The journal also publishes articles in the fields of international politics, Australian foreign policy, and Australia relations with the countries of the Asia-Pacific region.
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