Professional training of teachers for preschool children in the Tambov region (1918-1941)

Abstract

Introduction. In the context of the ongoing modernization of Russian education, during the implementation of national projects ”Demography”, ”Education” with the opening of new educational institutions, there is an acute shortage of not only school, but also preschool teachers. Along with the tasks of ensuring accessibility of preschool education, updating the content and improving the quality of preschool education, the problem of professional training of teaching staff has become urgent. The training of preschool specialists to solve the personnel issue of the region has been carried out in the Tambov region since the inclusion of preschool education in the state public education system. During this time, a great deal of theoretical and practical experience has been accumulated, which is advisable to rethink and use at a new stage in the implementation of this area of state policy in the field of preschool education. Materials and methods. The main sources of the research were materials from the funds of the State Archives of the Tambov Region, published sources and periodicals. Results. A retrospective analysis of the system of professional training of preschool teachers in the Tambov region in the period from 1918 to the beginning of the Great Patriotic War was carried out. The characteristics of various types of educational institutions that train preschool specialists in the Tambov region are given, giving an idea of the formation of a state multi-level system of professional pedagogical training of specialists in preschool education: training in short-term and long-term courses, in pedagogical technical schools, in universities. Attention is focused on the dependence of the duration, forms, methods and content of professional training on changes in the directions of state policy, as well as under the influence of socio-economic conditions of life in the country. Conclusion. It is concluded that in the Tambov region in the period from 1918 to 1941, professional training was carried out, first of all, for practical workers of preschool institutions (kindergarten teachers and workers of children's summer playgrounds) through the organization of course training, as well as in secondary specialized educational institutions (since 1923). The experience of university training was short-lived (1918- 1923) and was associated with the opening and subsequent reorganization of Tambov State University.