Direct Fabrication of Electronic Circuits on Wooden Surfaces

Florian Egger, David Schiller, Thomas Stockinger, Claudia Pretschuh, Uwe Müller, Martin Kaltenbrunner
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Abstract

Equipping otherwise passive surfaces with electronic functionality enables advanced interactive robotics, consumer products, sensor skins, and structural health monitoring. Concurrently, the rapidly growing number of electronic devices fuels the search for sustainable materials and processes that aid in reducing electronic waste. Wood is CO2-neutral, omnipresent in the construction industry, in furniture, musical instruments, or packaging, yet so far, its potential for direct integration with electronics remains largely unexplored. Complications arise as traditional methods of equipping wood with electronics often compromise structural integrity and thus limit applications requiring load-bearing capabilities. Here, seamless fabrication methods that allow the direct enhancement of wooden surfaces with electrically conducting structures, sensors, and microelectronic components based on screen printing of conducting inks or physical vapor deposition of thin metal films in conjunction with laser engraving are presented. Such electronic circuits imperceptibly operate on the surface of structural elements or as parts of decorative wooden furniture. These types of electronic wooden surfaces enable touch-sensing applications, monitoring temperature, or the curing of varnishes without compromising functionality and mechanical stability. This multidisciplinary approach opens up new avenues for the development of smart wooden structures with embedded electronics, revolutionizing the way it is monitored, controlled, and interacted with wood-based constructions.

Abstract Image

在木质表面直接制作电子电路
为无源表面配备电子功能可实现先进的交互式机器人、消费产品、传感器表皮和结构健康监测。与此同时,电子设备数量的快速增长也推动了对有助于减少电子垃圾的可持续材料和工艺的探索。木材不含二氧化碳,在建筑业、家具、乐器或包装中无处不在,但迄今为止,其与电子设备直接集成的潜力在很大程度上仍未得到开发。由于传统的木材与电子设备结合的方法往往会损害结构的完整性,从而限制了需要承重能力的应用,因此出现了一些复杂的问题。本文介绍了一种无缝制造方法,通过丝网印刷导电油墨或物理气相沉积金属薄膜并结合激光雕刻,可直接增强木质表面的导电结构、传感器和微电子元件。这些电子电路可在结构件表面或作为装饰性木制家具的部件上以不易察觉的方式运行。这些类型的电子木质表面可以实现触摸感应应用、温度监测或清漆固化,而不会影响其功能性和机械稳定性。这种多学科方法为开发带有嵌入式电子元件的智能木结构开辟了新途径,彻底改变了监测、控制和与木质结构互动的方式。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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