Effect of Five Concentrations of Aqueous Extracts of Pleurotus ostreatus P. Kumm and Tagetes minuta L. on the Mortality of Two Nematodes in a Laboratory Setting

Bionatura Pub Date : 2024-03-15 DOI:10.21931/rb/2024.09.01.9

Madison Chango, Gabriela Rosero, Norma Erazo, Pablo Álvarez

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Abstract

The nematode attacks affect several plant species of Ecuadorian crops. There are fungi and plants with nematicide ability that have agricultural interest. This study assessed the effect of five concentrations of aqueous extracts of Pleurotus ostreatus and Tagetes minuta on the mortality of Meloidogyne spp. and Panagrellus redivivus nematodes in a laboratory setting. The aqueous extracts were obtained through hydro distillation where concentrations of 0%, 0.5%, 5%, 25%, 50% and 100% were prepared. A wholly randomized single-factor design was used for the P. ostreatus extract and a bifactorial for the T. minuta extract (leaves and flowers). The number of dead individuals was evaluated, and the efficacy and LC50 were determined. T. minuta leaf extract showcased higher nematicide activity against P. redivivus with an LC50 of 8.03 ppm; when applied to Meloidogyne sp., the extract showed nematicide activity with an LC50 of 0.01 ppm. For P. ostreatus extract, the greatest nematicide activity against P. redivivus was an LC50 of 1.22 ppm and nematicide activity against Meloidogyne sp., was an LC50 of 0.01 ppm. The aqueous extract of T. minuta flowers showed low nematicide activity and the aqueous extract of T. minuta leaf showed the best nematicide activity. Keywords: nematicide; Tagetes minuta; Pleurotus ostreatus; Panagrellus redivivus; Meloidogyne sp.

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在实验室环境中，五种浓度的 Pleurotus ostreatus P. Kumm 和 Tagetes minuta L. 水提取物对两种线虫死亡率的影响

线虫的侵袭影响到厄瓜多尔农作物的多个植物品种。一些具有杀线虫能力的真菌和植物对农业很有意义。本研究在实验室环境中评估了 Pleurotus ostreatus 和 Tagetes minuta 的五种浓度的水提取物对 Meloidogyne spp.和 Panagrellus redivivus 线虫死亡率的影响。水提取物通过水蒸馏获得，浓度分别为 0%、0.5%、5%、25%、50% 和 100%。对 P. ostreatus 提取物采用了完全随机的单因素设计，对 T. minuta 提取物（叶和花）采用了双因素设计。评估了死亡个体的数量，并确定了药效和半致死浓度。T. minuta 叶提取物对 P. redivivus 具有较高的杀线虫活性，半数致死浓度为 8.03 ppm；对 Meloidogyne sp.施用时，提取物具有杀线虫活性，半数致死浓度为 0.01 ppm。P. ostreatus 提取物对 P. redivivus 的最大杀线虫活性为 LC50 1.22 ppm，对 Meloidogyne sp.的杀线虫活性为 LC50 0.01 ppm。T. minuta花的水提取物的杀线虫活性较低，而 T. minuta叶的水提取物的杀线虫活性最好。关键词：杀线虫剂；Tagetes minuta；Pleurotus ostreatus；Panagrellus redivivus；Meloidogyne sp.

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